焦作市北山资源枯竭型地区在经济转型过程中的生态脆弱性评价  

Evaluation of ecological vulnerability in the process of economic transformation in northern mountain resource exhausted area of Jiaozuo City

作　　者：王世东[1] 郭磊 WANG Shi-dong;GUO Lei(School of Surveying and Mapping and Land Information Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第10期3442-3451,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41801318);河南省科技攻关项目(192102310038,192102310270);河南省高校基本科研业务费专项资金(NSFRF1630);河南理工大学创新性科研团队项目(T2017-4);河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(18IRTSTHN008);河南省国土资源科研项目(豫政采(2)20190450-7)资助。

摘　　要：随着对各类矿产资源的不断开采,各地区生态环境脆弱性问题越发显著。本研究通过构建焦作市北山生态脆弱性评价指标体系,再基于侧距和连续关联函数对物元可拓模型进行改进,评价了焦作市北山2000年、2008年和2017年的生态脆弱性状况。结果表明:2000-2017年,焦作市北山生态脆弱性呈现由中度、高度和极度脆弱向轻度和中度脆弱转变的趋势,且极度脆弱区明显减少,到2017年基本消失,轻度脆弱区显著增加;受资源枯竭和经济转型影响,目前研究区生态脆弱性整体处于轻、中度脆弱水平;轻度脆弱性面积占比最大,占研究区总面积的67%,其次是中度脆弱性,面积占比24.5%,微度、高度和极度脆弱性面积合计占比8.5%;空间上,研究区生态脆弱性有明显的垂直地带性特征,呈现由北向南逐渐加重趋势;时间上,2000-2017年研究区生态状况明显好转,且脆弱性变化逐渐趋于平稳。With the continuous exploitation of mineral resources,the vulnerability of ecological environment is becoming more and more obvious.In this study,we evaluated the ecological vulnerability of northern mountain in Jiaozuo City in 2000,2008 and 2017 by constructing an ecological vulnerability evaluation index system and improving the matter-element extension model based on side distance and continuous correlation function.The results showed that ecological vulnerability of northern mountain in Jiaozuo City had changed from moderate,high and extreme vulnerability to mild and moderate vulnerability from 2000 to 2017.The extremely vulnerable area significantly decreased and basically disappeared in 2017,while the mildly vulnerable area significantly increased.Affected by resource depletion and economic transformation,the ecological vulnerability of this area was at slightly and moderately vulnerable level.The area with mildly fragile level accounted for 67%of the total area,followed by moderate vulnerability(24.5%).Slight,high and extreme vulnerability areas together accounted for 8.5%of the total area.Spatially,the ecological vulnerability of the study area had obvious vertical zonal characteristics,showing a gradually increasing trend from north to South.The ecological situation of the study area was significantly improved from 2000 to 2017,with the vulnerability change tending stable.

关 键 词：生态脆弱性 资源枯竭 评价指标体系 物元模型 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]