高原冻土地区公路涎流冰的成因分析及防治  

Cause Analysis and Prevention of Salivary Ice on Highways in Plateau Permafrost Regions

作　　者：李海亮 丁姣月 段德峰 梁斌 LI Hailiang;DING Jiaoyue;DUAN Defeng;LIANG Bin(CCCC-SHEC Forth Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471013,China;Civil Engineering School,Henan University of Science&Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]中交二公局第四工程有限公司,河南洛阳471013 [2]河南科技大学土木工程学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期61-67,I0005,共8页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1604135);河南省科技厅产学研合作项目(2015HNCXY011);中交第二公路局有限公司重点科研项目(2017-1-1)。

摘　　要：针对西藏自治区羊八井至大竹卡段公路改建工程涎流冰病害问题,研究了季节性冻土区公路涎流冰病害成因及防治技术。采用有限元软件MIDAS-GTS NX建立边坡渗流模型,分析了边坡开挖后边坡内部的渗流分布、坡面渗水位置、渗水大小及发展规律。研究结果表明:高原冻土地区涎流冰主要由于施工边坡开挖的裂隙水、地下水和地面水漫溢、高山冰雪融水等冻结产生。边坡从上往下顺坡向总水头值依次递减,在碎石层呈锐减趋势,变化区间为1.0~75.0 m。边坡孔隙水压力从坡顶到坡底呈递增趋势,变化区间为38.9~75.0 m,顺坡向呈递减趋势,变化区间为75.0~15.6 m,在坡脚处达到最小值。薄弱层孔隙水水平向流速一般比其他土层或岩层快。边坡因切坡等原因被破坏,其薄弱层出水量最大,是涎流冰病害防治的重点位置。采用挡冰墙和聚冰坑等综合施工措施对边坡涎流冰进行防治,取得了明显效果。Aiming at the problem of salivary ice on the highway reconstruction project from the Yangbajing to Dazhuka section of the Tibet autonomous region,the causes and prevention techniques of salivary ice on the highways in seasonal frozen soil areas were studied.The finite element software MIDAS-GTS NX was used to establish the slope seepage model. The seepage distribution inside the slope,the seepage location on the slope surface,the size of the seepage and the development law were analyzed after the slope was excavated.The research results show that the salivary ice in plateau frozen soil area is mainly caused by cracked water excavated from the construction slope,flooding of groundwater and ground water,and melting of snow and ice in high mountains.The total head value decreases from top to bottom along the slope,and decreases sharply in the gravel layer with a range of 1.0 ~ 75.0 m. The pore water pressure increases from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope with change interval 38.9 ~ 75.0 m,and decreases along the slope with change interval 75.0 ~15.6 m which reaches to the minimum at the toe of the slope. The horizontal flow velocity of weak layer pore water is generally faster than other soil or rock layers.According to the engineering characteristics and the results of simulation analysis,the slope was damaged due to cutting and other reasons and the weakest layer has the largest water output,which is the key position for the prevention of salivary ice diseases.Adopting comprehensive construction measures such as ice blocking walls and ice pits,obvious effects are achieved in the prevention and treatment of salivary ice on the slope.

关 键 词：高原冻土 公路 涎流冰 成因分析 防治措施 

分 类 号：U455[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]