主轴动态回转误差测量技术  

Research on spindle dynamic rotation-error-measurement technology

作　　者：金岸 缪寅宵 刘冬冬[1,4] 林杰 金鹏[1,2] 王雷 JIN An;MIAO Yin-xiao;LIU Dong-dong;LIN Jie;JIN Peng;WANG Lei(Center of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China;Key Lab of Ultra-precision Intelligent Instrumentation (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150080, China;Beijing Aerospace Institute for Metrology and Measurement Technology, Beijing 100076, China;92493 Army Metrology and Test Research Institute, Huludao 125000, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学超精密光电仪器工程研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]超精密仪器技术及智能化工业和信息化部重点实验室(哈尔滨工业大学),黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [3]北京航天计量测试技术研究所,北京100076 [4]92493部队计量测试研究所,辽宁葫芦岛125000

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2020年第10期2227-2243,共17页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(No.2016YFF0200700)。

摘　　要：高速电主轴是一种将传统机械主轴中主轴电动机和机床主轴合而为一的新式主轴,因具有高速高精度的优点被大量应用于高性能加工中心。高速电主轴的动态回转特性在很大程度上决定了加工精度,是影响加工中心综合性能的重要因素。主轴运动误差测量方法大致可分为基于位移传感的主轴回转误差测量和基于光学手段的主轴回转误差测量。两类测量手段都是通过测量主轴回转一定角度的位移变化量来解析出主轴的径向回转误差,这两类测量方法在主轴低速运转时具有很好的测量效果。当高速电主轴处于高速工作状态时,这两类测量方法的测量效果将受到传感器件采样频率的限制。本文在总结现有主轴回转误差测量的基础上,提出了一种基于靶标轨迹追踪的主轴动态回转误差测量方法,对现有技术进行了总结,并对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。High-speed electric spindle is a novel spindle that combines the drive and transmission units of the conventional spindle.The high-speed electric spindle is widely used in high-performance machining centers because of its high speed and high precision.The dynamic rotation characteristics of the spindle greatly determine the machining accuracy of the machining center;thus,it is an important factor that affects the overall performance of the machining center.The research is roughly divided into two types,namely,spindle rotation-error measurement based on displacement sensing and that based on optical methods.These measurement methods aim to determine the radial rotation error of the spindle by measuring the displacement change inthe spindle at a certain angle.These two measurementmethods exhibitgood measurement performancewhen the spindle is running at a low speed.However,when the spindle is operating at a high speed,measurement becomes difficult because of the limitation in the sampling frequency.According to the summary of the methods thatmeasure the spindle rotation error,we propose a measurement method for spindle dynamic rotation error based on target trajectory tracking.Finally,we summarize the existing technology and discuss future research prospects.

关 键 词：精密测量 主轴 回转误差 动态参数计量 靶标轨迹追踪 

分 类 号：TB921[一般工业技术—计量学] TH711[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]