旅游线路的空间集聚与中国旅游地理分区方案  

The Spatial Agglomeration of Tourist Routes and the Scheme of China’s Tourism Geographical Division

作　　者：王海江[1] 苏景轩 李欣欣 苗长虹[2] 李晓玉 WANG Haijiang;SU Jingxuan;LI Xinxin;MIAO Changhong;LI Xiaoyu(School of Surveying&Land Information Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Developmenl/College of Environment&Planning,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院,中国河南焦作454000 [2]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心,中国河南开封475001

出　　处：《经济地理》2020年第9期213-221,共9页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371133);河南省高校科技创新人才(人文社科类)支持计划(2017-CXRC-013);河南理工大学哲学社会科学创新团队(CXTD2020-1)。

摘　　要：基于旅游线路大数据,通过近域O-D联系空间分析方法,精确模拟并深入解析全国旅游流空间集聚与分布特征,在此基础上探讨了全国旅游地理分区方案,并精细刻画不同出游类型的空间结构图谱。研究认为,旅游流的空间集中程度远高于一般意义上的人口和经济集聚,是一种首位型经济活动类型,服从"二八定律"。中国旅游流总体上呈现"大分散、小聚集,既分散又集中"的空间分布格局。全国尺度上旅游流呈分散化均衡布局,说明西部旅游业的发展在很大程度上抵减了东西之间的区域发展差异。省域尺度旅游线路区域性集聚特征明显,少数热门景区游客集聚过度。东北资源枯竭型地区旅游业方面活力相对不足,中部地区的"黄泛区"出现旅游业"局部塌陷"问题。研究显示,旅游线路空间分布格局清晰地指示了中国旅游地理区划的空间范围。依据旅游线路的空间集聚、旅游接待量、空间相似性、文化习俗同质性等原则,初步划分了东北林海雪原旅游区、京津冀历史文化旅游区、塞外草原风情旅游区等14个全国旅游地理分区。研究也显示,不同旅游出行方式的空间集聚特征也存在较大的差异性。Based on the big data of tourism routes, the spatial analysis method of near field O-D contact is used to accurately simulate and deeply analyze the spatial agglomeration and distribution characteristics of tourism flows in China. On this basis, the national tourism geographic division scheme is discussed, and the spatial structure map of different travel types are elaborated. The study believes that the spatial concentration of tourism flows is much higher than the population and economic agglomeration in the general sense. It is a type of first-class economic activity and is subject to the "two-eighth law". China’s tourism flow generally presents a spatial distribution pattern of "large dispersion,small aggregation, namely, dispersion and concentration". The tourism flow on the national scale is decentralized and balanced,indicating that the development of tourism in the west has largely offset the regional development differences between East and West. The regional agglomeration characteristics of provincial-scale tourist routes are obvious, and a few popular scenic spots are over concentrated. The tourism industry in the resource-exhausted areas in Northeast China is relatively inactive, and the tourism industry in the central region, especially in the "Yellow River flooding Area", has experienced a considerable degree of "partial collapse". Studies have shown that the spatial distribution pattern of tourist routes clearly indicates the spatial extent of China’s tourism geographic division. According to the principles of spatial agglomeration, reception volume, spatial similarity and cultural homogeneity of tourism routes, 14 national tourism geographical divisions such as Northeast Forest Sea and Snow Plain Tourist Area, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Historical and Cultural Tourism Area and Grassland Tourist Area Outside The Great Wall are preliminarily divided. The study also shows that there are large differences in the spatial agglomeration characteristics of different modes of travel. This study has importan

关 键 词：旅游线路大数据 旅游流 空间集聚 旅游地理分区方案 首位度 位序—规模指数 二八定律 

分 类 号：F591.99[经济管理—旅游管理]