不同生态区对油菜薹营养品质的影响及摘薹后产量表现  

Effects of Ecological Sites on the Nutritional Quality of Young Stem of Rapeseed and Yield Performance After Post-Harvesting

作　　者：林宝刚[1] 任韵 柳寒[1] 何伟民 张冬青[1] 吴德志[4] 余华胜[1] 华水金[1] LIN Baogang;REN Yun;LIU Han;HE Weimin;ZHANG Dongqing;WU Dezhi;YU Huasheng;HUA Shuijin(Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310021;Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huzhou,Zhejiang 313000;Lishui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lishui,Zhejiang 323000;College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州310021 [2]湖州市农业科学研究院,浙江湖州313000 [3]丽水市农业科学研究院,浙江丽水323000 [4]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《核农学报》2020年第9期2071-2079,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家油菜产业技术体系-长江流域稻油两熟制高产栽培岗位(CARS-12);湖州市院地合作项目(2018R16A77C03)。

摘　　要：为明确油菜薹的营养品质、不同"油蔬"两用型油菜薹品质、菜薹产量与环境之间的关系,通过测定碳水化合物、维生素类物质和微量元素含量,比较了油菜薹、红菜薹和白菜薹3种菜薹的营养品质;6个"油蔬"两用型油菜品种(系)油菜薹营养品质;杭州余杭和丽水龙泉2个生态区的油菜薹产量、籽粒产量以及经济效应。结果表明,油菜薹可溶性糖、3种维生素类物质(维生素C、B1和B6)、有效Zn和全Se含量分别是白菜薹的1.82、2.61、4.44、1.68、1.81和1.67倍,表明油菜薹具有优良的营养品质。6个油菜品种(系)的油菜薹的糖类物质(除果糖)和维生素类物质含量在丽水龙泉均显著高于杭州余杭。就微量元素而言,有效Fe、有效Cu、有效Zn和全Se含量在杭州余杭显著高于丽水龙泉,有效Mn含量则相反。说明油菜薹中需要经过代谢、运转的营养物质(如碳水化合物)在丽水龙泉具有显著优势,而从土壤中吸收的营养元素则相反。"油蔬"两用型油菜品种(系)籽粒和菜薹产量受生态区影响显著。通过增加采收一季菜薹,油菜的经济效益可增加一倍。本研究为"油蔬"两用型油菜品种利用以及不同生态区优质高产栽培提供了理论依据。In order to understand the nutritional quality of young stem and explore the relationship between nutritional quality/yield of young stem and the environment in"seed-vegetable"dual functional rapeseed genotypes,field experiments were conducted including nutritional quality comparison of young stem including total soluble sugar,vitamin C,vitamin B1,vitamin B6,available Zn,and total Se content among rapeseed(Brassica napus L.),Brassica parachinensis L.Bailey,and Brassica campestris L.var.Shanghaiqing;ecological effects on the quality including carbohydrate,vitamin,and microelement contents and yield of young stem,seed yield,and economic costs of 6 rapeseed cultivars(lines).Results showed that the nutritional quality of young stem in rapeseed was the best while that was the worst in B.campestris.The total soluble sugar content,vitamin C,vitamin B1,vitamin B6,available Zn,and total Se content in young stem of rapeseed was 1.82-,2.61-,4.44-,1.68-,1.81-,and 1.67-fold higher than that in B.campestris.There was no significant difference in fructose content between Hangzhou and Lishui in young stem of 6 rapeseed genotypes.However,total soluble sugar,sucrose,starch,vitamin C,vitamin B1,and vitamin B6content in young stem of 6 rapeseed genotypes in Lishui was significantly higher than that in Hangzhou.As for the micro-elements including available Fe,available Cu,available Zn,and total Se content in young stem of rapeseed genotypes in Hangzhou was significantly higher than that in Lishui.However,there was a reverse trend in the available Mn content.The results suggested that the nutrients including carbohydrates and vitamins needed biosynthesis and transportation in the young stem of rapeseed in Lishui had much significantly advantages than that in Hangzhou,however,the elements absorbed from soil had an opposite trend.Both seed and yound stem of rapeseed yield of"seed-vegetable"dual functional rapeseed genotypes were significantly affected by different growth ecological areas.Furthermore,the costs were doubled through harves

关 键 词：油菜薹 品质 产量 生态 效益 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]