不同修剪方式对平欧杂种榛生长与光合特性的影响  

Effects of Different Pruning Methods on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana

作　　者：马静利 左忠[1,2] 刘立平 温淑红 温学飞[1,2] MA Jingi;ZUO Zhong;LIU Liping;WEN Shuhong;WEN Xuefei(Institute of Desertification Control,Ning xia Agriculture and Forestry Academy,Yinchuan.Ningxia 750002;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Desertification Control and Soil and Water Conservation,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;County Spring Autumn Agriculture and Forestry Cooperative,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750100)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [3]永宁县春之秋农林专业合作社,宁夏银川750100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第20期34-39,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区财政林业新技术引进及推广资助项目(2019-06);宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所自主创新资助项目(2019-03);国家退耕还林工程生态效益监测(宁夏)资助项目(250000008)。

摘　　要：以宁夏引黄灌区永宁县榛子园内的五年生榛子树为研究对象,研究其在对照(未修剪)、轻剪、中剪、重剪下生长、光合特性的变化趋势,探索平欧杂种榛的合理修剪方式对其优质高效栽培具有重要意义。结果表明:1)随着修剪程度的增加,平欧杂种榛植株的横、纵径投影以及冠幅、株高、果序数呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势。在各修剪处理下,平欧杂种榛植株的横、纵投影直径以及冠幅、果序数之间的差异不显著(P>0.05)。从株高方面看,中剪的株高低于其余3个处理,并与对照、轻剪处理间存在显著差异。2)平欧杂种榛的净光合速率、蒸腾速率随着修剪程度的加深,呈上升-下降-上升趋势。中剪的净光合速率最低,与其余处理之间存在显著差异;平欧杂种榛的胞间CO2浓度随着修剪程度的增加,呈降低趋势;轻剪、重剪的气孔导度与对照、中剪间存在显著差异。3)根据平均隶属函数值对各修剪方式进行综合评价后发现,轻剪为平欧杂种榛最适宜的修剪方式。Five-year-old scorpion Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana under of Yellow River Irrigation District in Yongning,Ningxia was used as the research objectives,aiming at studying its growth hand photosynthetic characteristics under control(unpruned),light shear,medium shear,and heavy shear.With the study of the variation of growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana under different pruning methods,it was of great significance to explore the rational pruning of high quality Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana.The results showed that,1)with the increase of pruning degree,the horizontal,vertical diameter,crown width,plant height and fruit number of Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana increased first,then decreased and finally increased.Under the various pruning treatments,there had insignificant differences between the horizontal and vertical diameters,and between the number of crowns and inflorescences of Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana(P>0.05).From the aspect of plant height,the plant height of the middle shear was lower than those of the other 3 treatments,and there was significant difference between the control and the light shear treatment.2)The net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of Corylus heterophylla×C.avellanaincreased,decreased,and increased with the degree of pruning.The net photosynthetic rate of the middle shear was the lowest one,and there was a significant difference between the other treatments.The intercellular CO2 concentration of the Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana decreased with the increase of the pruning degree;stomatal conductance of light and reshear was significantly different from that of control and medium shear.3)According to the average membership function value,the pruning method was evaluated and found to be the most suitable pruning method for lightcutting.

关 键 词：修剪方式 平欧杂种榛 生长与光合特性 

分 类 号：S646.141[农业科学—蔬菜学]