广西河池核桃示范园区土壤养分状况对比与分析  

Comparison and Analysis of Soil Nutrients in Hechi Walnut Demonstration Garden in Guangxi

作　　者：韦婉羚 郭伦发[1] 王新桂[1] 江新能[1] 秦洪波[1] 苏天明 WEI Wanling;GUO Lunfa;WANG Xingui;JIANG Xinneng;QIN Hongbo;SU Tianming(Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region and Academia Sinica,Guilin,Guangxi 541006;Agricultural Resources and Environmental Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006 [2]广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第20期92-97,共6页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：广西科技重大专项资助项目(桂科AA17204058-13);中央引导地方科技发展专项资助项目(YDZX20174500004580);广西创新驱动发展专项资助项目(桂科AA17204058-11)。

摘　　要：以广西凤山县、巴马县的4个核桃示范园为研究对象,采用"S"形取样法采集土壤样品,测定土壤pH、有机质、氮、磷、钾、硼含量等指标,比较分析其土壤养分状况,以期为核桃合理施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:4个核桃核心示范区土壤pH为6.52~7.38,土壤偏中性;土壤有机质含量为39.50~48.90 g·kg^-1,含量均较丰富;全氮、碱解氮含量分别为2.06~3.74 g·kg^-1、209.29~381.00 mg·kg^-1,土壤中氮素很丰富;有效磷含量为4.90~111.70 mg·kg^-1,其中坡茶村示范园含量最高,陇碰村示范园次之,而巴优村与弄者村示范园含量极少;速效钾含量为73.00~259.00 mg·kg^-1,坡茶村和陇碰村示范园含量较高,均大于200 mg·kg^-1,而弄者村示范园含量较低,仅73.00 mg·kg^-1;土壤有效硼含量为0.07~1.40 mg·kg^-1,坡茶村示范园有效硼含量最大,为1.40 mg·kg^-1,其余示范园含量均小于0.20 mg·kg^-1,含量较缺乏。综上所述,各示范区土壤养分差异较大,土壤中富含有机质、氮和钾,但磷素分布不均衡,且大多数土壤有效硼含量缺乏。因此,在核桃的生产管理上应当充分了解土壤养分状况,科学施肥,这样才能保持土壤养分平衡,促进核桃产业健康稳定发展。The aim was to provide reference for reasonable fertilization of walnut.The soil samples were collected by the’S’sampling method to determine soil pH,organic matter content,nitrogen content,phosphorus content,potassium content and boron content,then compared and analyzed the soil nutrient status of four walnut demonstration gardens in Fengshan county and Bama county in Guangxi.The results showed that the soil pH of the four core demonstration areas ranged from 6.52 to 7.38,which were neutral soils.The soil organic matter content was 39.50-48.90 g·kg^-1,which was rich.The total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen content were 2.06-3.74 g·kg^-1,209.29-381.00 mg·kg^-1,respectively.The soil was rich in nitrogen.And the effective phosphorus content was 4.90-111.70 mg·kg^-1,of which the Pocha village demonstration garden had the highest content,followed by the Longpeng village,while the Bayou village and Nongzhe village demonstration park had very low effective phosphorus content.In addition,the available potassium content was 73.00-259.00 mg·kg^-1,of which the content of Pocha village and Longpeng village was higher than 200 mg·kg^-1,while the content of Nongzhe village was lower,only 73.00 mg·kg^-1.What more,the soil effective boron content was 0.07-1.40 mg·kg^-1,and that the effective boron content of Pocha village was the largest,which was 1.40 mg·kg^-1,and the other demonstration gardens were less than 0.20 mg·kg^-1.Sum up,the soil nutrients vary greatly in each demonstration garden.And the soil was rich in organic matter,nitrogen and potassium,but the distribution of phosphorus was not balanced,and most of the soil available boron content was lack.Therefore,on the basis of full understanding of soil nutrient status,scientific management should be applied to maintain the balance of soil nutrients to promote the healthy and stable development of the walnut industry.

关 键 词：核桃 土壤养分 有效硼 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]