机器学习在术中光学成像技术中的应用研究  

Review: the application of machine learning in intraoperative optical imaging technologies

作　　者：张崇 王坤[1,2,3] 田捷 Zhang Chong;Wang Kun;Tian Jie(Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging,Institute of Automation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Artificial Intelligence,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging,Beijing 100190,China;Beihang University Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院自动化研究所分子影像重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学人工智能学院,北京100049 [3]北京市分子影像重点实验室,北京100190 [4]北京航空航天大学大数据精密医学高级创新中心,北京100083

出　　处：《中国图象图形学报》2020年第10期1994-2001,共8页Journal of Image and Graphics

摘　　要：术中光学成像技术的兴起为临床手术提供了更加便捷和直观的观察手段。传统的术中光学成像方法包括开放式光学成像和术中腔镜、内镜成像等,这些方法保障了临床手术的顺利进行,同时也促进了微创手术的发展。随后发展起来的术中光学成像技术还有窄带腔镜成像、术中激光共聚焦显微成像和近红外激发荧光成像等。术中光学成像技术可以辅助医生精准定位肿瘤、快速区分良恶性组织和检测微小病灶等,在诸多临床应用领域表现出了较好的应用效果。但术中光学成像技术也存在成像质量受限、缺乏有力的成像分析工具,以及只能成像表浅组织的问题。机器学习的加入,有望突破瓶颈,进一步推动术中光学成像技术的发展。本文针对术中光学成像技术,对机器学习在这一领域的应用研究展开调研,具体包括:机器学习对术中光学成像质量的优化、辅助术中光学成像的智能分析,以及辅助基于术中光学影像的3维建模等内容。本文对机器学习在术中光学成像领域的应用进行总结和分析,特别叙述了深度学习方法在该领域的应用前景,为后续的研究提供更宽泛的思路。The rise of intraoperative optical imaging technologies provides a convenient and intuitive observation method for clinical surgery.Traditional intraoperative optical imaging methods include open optical and intraoperative endoscopic imaging.These methods ensure the smooth implementation of clinical surgery and promote the development of minimally invasive surgery.Subsequent methods include narrow-band endoscopic,intraoperative laser confocal microscopy,and near-infrared excited fluorescence imaging.Narrow-band endoscopic imaging uses a filter to filter out the broad-band spectrum emitted by the endoscope light source,leaving only the narrow-band spectrum for the diagnosis of various diseases of the digestive tract.The narrow-band spectrum is conducive to enhancing the image of the gastrointestinal mucosa vessels.In some lesions with microvascular changes,the narrow-band imaging system has evident advantages over ordinary endoscopy in distinguishing lesions.Narrow-band endoscopic imaging has also been widely used in the fields of otolaryngology,respiratory tract,gynecological endoscopy,and laparoscopic surgery in addition to the digestive tract.Intraoperative laser confocal microscopy is a new type of imaging method.It can realize superficial tissue imaging in vivo and provide pathological information by using the principle of excited fluorescence imaging.This imaging method has high clarity due to the application of confocal imaging and can be used for lesion positioning.Near-infrared excited fluorescence imaging uses excitation fluorescence imaging equipment combined with corresponding fluorescent contrast agents(such as ICG(indocyanine green),and methylene blue)to achieve intraoperative specific imaging of lesions,tissues,and organs in vivo.The basic principle is to stimulate the contrast agent accumulated in the tissue,the fluorescent contrast agent emits a fluorescent signal,and real-time imaging is realized by collecting the signals.In clinical research,the near-infrared fluorescence imaging technology is o

关 键 词：术中光学成像技术 机器学习 成像优化 成像智能分析 3维建模 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]