黄铁矿对硝酸铵热稳定性影响研究  

Effect of pyrite on thermal stability of ammonium nitrate

作　　者：阳富强[1] 邱东阳 赖勇 YANG Fuqiang;QIU Dongyang;LAI Yong(College of Environment and Resources,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou Fujian 350116,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与资源学院,福建福州350116

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2020年第9期102-107,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51874100)。

摘　　要：为预防黄铁矿诱发硝胺类炸药自爆问题,运用C80微量热仪分析黄铁矿与硝酸铵质量比分别为1∶99、3∶97、5∶95、10∶90的4种混合样品的热分解特性;揭示黄铁矿对硝胺类炸药热稳定性的影响;根据Arrhenius定律计算样品的热分解动力学参数。结果表明:黄铁矿与硝酸铵发生反应,在88.24~165.17℃之间生成新的放热峰;增加黄铁矿的含量,硝酸铵的起始分解温度从147.50℃降至88.24℃,活化能从206.47 kJ/mol降至110.85 kJ/mol;黄铁矿质量比超过10%后,活化能降低幅度变缓;黄铁矿能在较低温度下降低硝酸铵的热稳定性,加快硝酸铵的热分解,增大炸药自爆的危险性。In order to prevent spontaneous detonation of nitramine explosives induced by pyrite,C80 microcalorimeter was used to analyze thermal decomposition characteristics of four mixed samples of pyrite and ammonium nitrate at mass ratio of 1∶99,3∶97,5∶95 and 10∶90 respectively.Then,influence of pyrite on thermal stability of nitramine explosives was revealed,and thermal decomposition kinetic parameters of samples were calculated according to Arrhenius law.The results show that pyrite reacts with ammonium nitrate and generates a new exothermic peak between 88.24-165.17℃.With an increase of its content,initial decomposition temperature of ammonium nitrate will decrease from 147.50℃to 88.24℃,and activation energy drops from 206.47 kJ/mol to 110.85 kJ/mol,but the drop will be slow when mass ratio of pyrite exceeds 10%.Pyrite can reduce thermal stability of ammonium nitrate at lower temperature,and accelerate its thermal decomposition,thus increasing risk of explosives’self-detonation.

关 键 词：黄铁矿 硝酸铵 热稳定性 炸药自爆 微量热法 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]