天然气管道全管径断裂事故影响范围研究  

Influence range of full bore rupture accidents of natural gas pipelines

作　　者：李云涛 张振永[2] 刘玉卿[2] 帅健[1] LI Yuntao;ZHANG Zhenyong;LIU Yuqing;SHUAI Jian(College of Safety and Ocean Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Corporation,Langfang Hebei 06500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)安全与海洋工程学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油天然气管道工程有限公司,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2020年第9期149-154,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC0809304);国家自然科学基金资助(51806247);中国石油天然气股份有限公司-中国石油大学(北京)战略合作科技专项资助(ZLZX2020-05)。

摘　　要：为了预防天然气管道泄漏造成的严重人员伤亡事故,利用多种计算方法和软件,研究管道全管径断裂事故的影响范围。通过对比分析不同模型,探讨管道全管径断裂的泄漏速率,进而采用Flacs软件模拟分析管道断裂后的天然气扩散过程,分析垂直喷射和水平喷射时地面处的可燃气体浓度;分别使用三维计算流体力学软件Flacs、二维软件ALOHA和PHAST,以及简化模型,计算813 mm管径管道断裂后的喷射火热辐射分布,并结合临界标准确定安全距离。研究结果表明:各类模型及软件对于全管径断裂泄漏速率的计算结果有较大区别,计算得到的喷射火热辐射影响范围大于250 m。In order to prevent severe casualties caused by natural gas pipeline leakage,influence range of a full bore rupture was studied by utilizing several methods and software.Different models for calculating rupture discharge flow rate were compared and analyzed,full process of gas dispersion after rupture was simulated by Flacs,and flammable gas concentration at ground were analyzed for both vertical and horizontal jet.Finally,distribution of thermal radiation for an 813 mm pipeline was calculated via3-dimensional computational fluid dynamics software Flacs,2-dimensional software ALOHA and PHAST as well as a simplified model,and its safe separation distance was determined based on critical standards.The results show that discharge flow rates vary significantly for different models,and safe distance obtained for thermal radiation is longer than 250 m.

关 键 词：天然气管道 全管径断裂 影响范围 喷射火热辐射 泄漏速率 安全距离 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]