二代种子园马尾松苗期耐旱型优良家系的筛选  

Selection of drought-tolerant Pinus massoniana families at the seedling stage from a second-generation seed orchard

作　　者：汪挺 谭健晖[2,3] 李鹏 唐生森 杨章旗 WANG Ting;TAN Jianhui;LI Peng;TANG Shengsen;YANG Zhangqi(College of Life Sciences,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin,Guangxi 541006,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China;Engineering Research Center of Masson Pine of Guangxi,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林541006 [2]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002 [3]广西马尾松工程技术研究中心,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2020年第6期627-635,共9页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：广西科技基地各人才专项(桂AD19254004);广西创新驱动项目(AA17204087-1);广西八桂学者专项;广西八桂青年学者专项;广西自然科学基金项目(2019GXNSFBA245064)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出持续自然干旱胁迫下马尾松耐旱型优良家系,以二代种子园54个马尾松优良家系(19-201~19-255)幼苗作为研究对象,调查其在持续自然干旱胁迫下苗高、地径、萎蔫度和存活率等生长指标,运用因子分析和隶属函数法综合评价不同家系马尾松幼苗的耐旱性,并利用聚类分析进行分等定级。结果表明:干旱胁迫下各生长指标变异幅度较大,苗高增长量为0.6~1.8 cm,变异系数为35.17%;地径增长量为0.01~0.38mm,变异系数为96.02%;萎蔫度为34.48%~68.00%,变异系数为13.00%;存活率为23.33%~96.67%,变异系数为28.00%。其中,地径增长量与存活率呈极显著正相关,与萎蔫度呈极显著负相关;萎蔫度与存活率极显著负相关。家系间综合耐旱度量D值差异较大,变幅为0.090~0.748,19-249和19-220家系的D值较高,分别达到0.748和0.743;19-208和19-219家系的D值较低,分别为0.090和0.235。系统聚类分析将54个家系耐旱性划分3类:Ⅰ类(高度耐旱型,14个家系);Ⅱ类(耐旱型,29个家系);Ⅲ类(干旱敏感型,11个家系)。复水干旱胁迫试验表明,保存率变异幅度为0-66.67%,保存率与D值的回归方程为y=0.946x-0.154(R^2=0.562),说明保存率与D值存在较好的直线回归关系。因子分析和隶属函数能够有效用于马尾松耐旱家系筛选,19-249和19-220家系的耐旱效果最佳。Pinus massoniana family seedlings(19-201-19-255)from second-generation seed orchards were used to determine the most drought-tolerant families under chronic stress.The growth parameters(change in height,ground diameter,wilting degree,and survival rate)of 54 family seedlings were measured,and the family drought tolerances were evaluated by factor analysis and membership function.The drought tolerance rating of each family was classified by cluster analysis.The seedling height distribution was 0.6-1.8 cm,coefficient of variation(CV)=35.17%,the diameter growth distribution was 0.01-0.38 mm,CV=96.02%,the wilting degree was 34.48%-68.00%,CV=13.00%,and the survival rate was 23.33%-96.67%,CV=28.00%.The ground diameter growth was significantly positively correlated with the survival rate and significantly negatively correlated with the wilting degree;the wilting degree was significantly positively correlated with the survival rate.The comprehensive drought tolerance(D-values)significantly differed among families,ranging from 0.090 to 0.748.The D-values of families 19-249 and 19-220 were the highest(0.748 and 0.743,respectively),while those of families 19-208 and 19-219 were the lowest(0.090 and 0.235,respectively).Clustering analysis divided the families into three drought tolerance levels:class I(highly drought-tolerant,14 families),classⅡ(drought-tolerant,29 families),and classⅢ(drought-sensitive,11 families).The experiment of rewater after drought stress showed that the preservation rate ranged from 0 to 66.67%,and the preservation rate versus D-value equation was y=0.946x-0.154(R^2=0.562),indicating a strong linear relationship.P.massoniana drought-tolerant families can be identified by factor analysis and membership function,and families 19-249 and 19-220 were found to be the most drought tolerant.

关 键 词：马尾松 家系 干旱胁迫 耐旱性筛选 

分 类 号：S728.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]