论民法典形式意义与实质意义上的担保物权--形式与实质担保物权冲击下的物权法体系  

On the Formal Meaning and Substantive Meaning of the Security Interest in The Civil Code—The system of real right law under the impact of formal and substantive security interest

作　　者：李永军[1] LI Yong-jun(School of Civil,Commercial and Economic Law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088,PRC)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《西北师大学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期27-35,共9页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“民法典编纂的内部与外部体系研究”(18ZDA141);国家社会科学基金重点项目“民法典分则立法的外在与内在体系研究”(18AFX014)。

摘　　要：民法典是一个完整的逻辑体系,逻辑体系必须严格遵守形式,也就是“形而上”的产物。因此,凡是民法法典化的国家,所有不符合这种外在形式逻辑的东西都用特别法来解决。但我国却将其统统在民法典中予以规定,从内容上“溢出”了物权体系赖以建立的基础——对世性和排他性,对物权法体系造成了冲击。另外,将一些本来属于合同性质的债权作为担保物权来对待,这样从实质意义上对物权法体系造成损害。在这种双重的夹击之下,物权的基本概念、基本效力和基本原则及规范体系受到了很大的冲击和破坏。这一问题应该在未来民法典的解释和实施中予以足够的重视。The Civil Code is a complete logical system,which certainly seems to strictly abide by the form,and is the product of“metaphysics”.Therefore,in all countries where the civil law is codified,anything that does not conform to this external formal logic is solved by special law,such as chattel mortgage,security transfers,etc.However,our country has stipulated all of them in The Civil Code,which its content“overflows”the foundation on which the real right system is established——the worldliness and exclusiveness,and it has an impact on the system of real right law.In addition,some creditors rights which are originally contractual are treated as security interest,such as retention of title,retention of title of the lessor in financial leasing contract,etc.In other words,it damages the system of real right law in a substantial sense.Under this double attack,the basic concept,basic efficacy,basic principle,and normative system of real right have been greatly impacted and damaged.This issue should be given enough attention in the interpretation and implementation of The Civil Code in the future.

关 键 词：民法典 担保物权 所有权保留 融资租赁 动产抵押 公示公信 

分 类 号：DF51[政治法律—民商法学]