地方政府创新何以持续:基于“政绩安全区”的组织学解释——对一个县级市“智慧市”项目过程的案例观察  

How does Local Government Innovation Keep Sustainable:An Organizational Approach Base on a Concept of"Security Zone for Achievements"——Case Study of Smart City Project in H City

作　　者：张翔[1,2] ZHAO Wenyao G. Zhang Xiang;Zhao Wenyao G.(School of Public Administration,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,350007,China;Centre for Political Development and Local Governance in FJNU,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,350007,China;Faculty of Business Administration,Lakehead University,Thunder Bay,Ontario,P7B5E1,Canada)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学公共管理学院,福州350007 [2]福建师范大学政治发展与地方治理研究中心,福州350007 [3]加拿大莱克海德大学商学院,加拿大安大略省雷湾市P7B5E1

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2020年第4期98-109,172,共13页Journal of Public Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BZZ073);福建师范大学-福建网龙网络公司合作课题(HJ000713)。

摘　　要：改革开放以来,随着制度约束的逐渐强化,地方政府创新面对政绩风险逐渐提升,但许多地方政府在创新上却又表现出了可观的持续性。为了进一步解释地方政府持续创新的动力机制,本文以"制度-实践"的松散耦合关系为理论基础,对一个县级市(H市)智慧城市项目的创新过程的个案进行过程追踪。经过案例研究发现,地方政府的创新实践与政绩生产之间存在一个"政绩安全区"的中介机制。通过这个机制的作用,地方政府不是消极地规避政绩风险,而是积极地化解政绩风险,从而持续性地将"创新实践"转化为"政绩生产"。本文基于新制度主义组织学对"政绩安全区"进行概念化,并讨论其运作机理。这一理论发现既呈现了地方政府持续创新的一个关键动力机制,也揭示了"制度-实践"松散耦合关系持续发挥作用的结构化机制。The objective of this paper is to explain the impetus of sustainable innovation in China’s local government,due to the fact that local governments keep incredibly sustainable despite the innovation of local government not only brings achievements for itself,but also stimulates the political risk since the reform and opening-up policy.A case study of smart city project in H city,with the application of process-tracing,was conducted,on the basis of the theory of loose coupling relation between the institution and actors.The analysis reveals that the mechanism of"security zone for achievements"plays a crucial role in the sustainable innovation in the local government.Under the influence of’security zone for achievement’,local government could prevent itself from the risk of achievement risks which is caused by institutional restrains,sustainably transforming"innovation"to"achievements".On the basis of the organizational neo-institutionalism,this analysis conceptualizes"security zone for achievements",and reveals its mechanism.The key limitation of this study is resulted from the methodological shortcoming that the results of case studies are difficult for generalization.The mixed research combined qualitative study and quantitative study is worthy of expectation.In the meantime,the proposed theoretical explanation can assist policy designer in understanding the behavior logic of local governments and redefining the policy failure and the policy deformation in China,which contribute to better promote local innovation by regulating the impetus of local innovation.And this study which draws on a case study reveals structural mechanism of continuous running of loose coupling relation between the institution and actors,which supplement the organizational neo-institutionalism by investigating the impetus of the impetus of the sustainable innovation in local governments.

关 键 词：地方政府 政府创新 政绩安全区 智慧城市 政绩风险 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]