高超声速磁流体力学控制霍尔效应影响  

Influence of Hall effect on hypersonic magnetohydrodynamic control

作　　者：丁明松[1] 傅杨奥骁 高铁锁[1] 董维中[1] 江涛[1] 刘庆宗 Ding Ming-Song;Fu Yang-Ao-Xiao;Gao Tie-Suo;Dong Wei-Zhong;Jiang Tao;Liu Qing-Zong(Computational Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所,绵阳621000

出　　处：《物理学报》2020年第21期104-121,共18页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2019YFA0405203);国家数值风洞工程资助的课题.

摘　　要：针对霍尔效应对高超声速磁流体力学控制的影响问题,考虑高超声速流动过程中高温化学反应、气体分子热力学温度激发(即平动、转动、振动以及电子温度能量模态之间的激发与松弛过程)及多电离组分等离子体霍尔系数分布,通过耦合求解各向异性霍尔电场泊松方程和带电磁源项的高温热化学非平衡流动控制方程组,建立了高超声速流动磁流体力学控制霍尔效应数值模拟方法,开展了多种条件下高超声速流动磁流体力学控制数值模拟,分析了霍尔效应"漏电"与"聚集"现象原理及其对气动力/热特性的影响机制,详细探讨了不同空域、速域和飞行器特征尺度条件下霍尔效应的作用机理和影响规律.研究表明:1)霍尔效应改变了流场等离子体洛伦兹力分布,削弱了整体的力学效果,使整体的磁阻特性降低;2)霍尔效应对高超声速磁流体力学控制的影响,与壁面导电性和壁面附近漏电层的"漏电"现象紧密相关,要增强磁控效果,必须抑制壁面附近的"漏电"现象;3)霍尔效应对磁控热防护效果的影响较为复杂,受"漏电"现象和电流"聚集"现象共同作用;4)基于本文基准状态,当高度高于67 km或速度高于5.7 km/s或特征尺度大于0.5 m时,霍尔效应使磁控热防护效果增强,电流"聚集"现象对气动热环境的影响占主导;反之,则霍尔效应使磁控热防护效果减弱,"漏电"现象对气动热环境的影响占主导.In this paper,the influence of Hall effect on hypersonic magnetohydrodynamic control is studied.By considering high temperature thermo-chemical reactions,the excitation of thermodynamic temperature of gas molecules,Hall coefficient distribution of various ionized components,and by solving the coupled anisotropic Possion’s equation of Hall electric field and the high temperature thermo-chemical non-equilibrium flow governing equations with electromagnetic source term,the numerical simulation method of the Hall effect on hypersonic magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)control is established,and the numerical simulation of hypersonic MHD control under various conditions is conducted,the mechanism of“leakage”and“gathering”phenomenon of Hall effect and its influence on aerodynamic force and aerothermal environment are analyzed,the mechanism and its influences of Hall effect under various flight altitudes,flight speeds and characteristic lengths are discussed in detail.The result shows that 1)Hall effect changes the Lorentz force distribution of plasma,weakens the total mechanical effect,thus lowering the total magneto-resistance effect.2)The influence of Hall effect on hypersonic MHD control is closely related to the wall conductivity and the“leakage”phenomenon of the leakage layer near the wall.The“leakage”phenomenon must be restrained in order to enhance the magnetic control effect.3)The influence of Hall effect on magnetic control thermal protection is complicated,which is the combined result of the“leakage”and“gathering”phenomenon.4)Based on the normal state in this paper,when the flight altitude is higher than 67 km or the flight speed higher than 5.7 km/s or the characteristic length is bigger than 0.5 m,Hall effect can enhance the magnetic control thermal protection,and the current“gathering”phenomenon dominates the influence on aerothermal environment.On the contrary,Hall effect can weaken the effect of magnetic control thermal protection,and the“leakage”phenomenon dominates the influence

关 键 词：磁流体动力学 霍尔效应 等离子体 数值模拟 

分 类 号：O361.3[理学—流体力学]