用于超声分子束束流特性测试的纹影系统研制及应用  

Development and applications of schlieren system for measuring characteristics of supersonic molecular beam

作　　者：殷娇 肖国梁 陈程远 冯北滨 张轶泼 钟武律 Yin Jiao;Xiao Guo-Liang;Chen Cheng-Yuan;Feng Bei-Bin;Zhang Yi-Po;Zhong Wu-Lü(Southwestern Institute of Physics,Chengdu 610225,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业西南物理研究院,成都610225

出　　处：《物理学报》2020年第21期132-139,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2017YFE0301106);国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金(批准号:11922503);中核集团“青年英才计划”资助的课题.

摘　　要：超声分子束注入加料技术是用于磁约束聚变等离子体燃料补充的方法之一.为优化超声分子束注入束流特性,提升超声分子束注入加料效率以及深入研究分子束与等离子体相互作用,研制了用于超声分子束束流特性测试的诊断系统并开展了应用测试.基于超声分子束注入束流具有透明、超高速等特点,该诊断系统主要利用纹影法配合高速相机进行束流特性测量,其中纹影系统设计为"Z"字型反射式.该系统应用在超声分子束束流测试平台上,测试了分子束束流基本特征.为验证系统的有效性,使用不同形状(圆孔及锥形一体式)喷嘴在大气和真空条件下开展了一系列测试,分别获得了二氧化碳气体及氘气在不同条件下的束流轮廓.该系统为超声分子束束流优化提供了直接测试手段.Supersonic molecular beam injection(SMBI)is an effective fueling method for the magnetic fusion plasmas.The fueling method was first proposed in the HL-1 tokamak,and now has been applied to several tokamaks and stellarators.Pulsed molecular beam passes from a Laval type nozzle and has a high instantaneous intensity,high directionality and deep deposition in the plasma.The fueling efficiency is higher than the gas puffing efficiency.In addition,it is widely used for controlling plasma density and investigating plasma physics.To further improve the fueling capability in future fusion devices,it is highly desirable to optimize the characteristic of the SMB and further investigate the interactions between the molecular beam and the plasma.In this paper,a schlieren diagnostic system is developed to measure the parameters of molecular beam,and the testing application is performed.The schlieren system,which is based on the schlieren photography,is designed with the zigzag optical path and equipped on the SMBI testing platform to measure the characteristics of the supersonic molecular beam.In order to verify the effectiveness of the system,a series of tests is carried out with different nozzle shapes under atmospheric and vacuum conditions.The beam profiles of CO2 and D2 under different background pressures are obtained.The testing results indicate that the directionality of the integrated Laval nozzle is much better than that of the pinhole nozzle.The schlieren system provides a testing tool for optimizing the supersonic molecular beam.

关 键 词：超声分子束注入 纹影系统 喷嘴 束流测量 

分 类 号：TL631[核科学技术—核技术及应用]