添加铁氧化物和活性炭对玉米秸秆两相厌氧消化性能和微生物学特性影响研究  

Effects of adding iron oxide and activated carbon on the two-phase anaerobic digestibility and microbiological characteristics of corn stover

作　　者：石思慧 郭荣欣 张良[1] 左晓宇[1] 李秀金[1] 袁海荣[1] SHI SiHui;GUO RongXin;ZHANG Liang;ZUO XiaoYu;LI XiuJin;YUAN HaiRong(Beijing Center for Pollution Control and Resource Recovery,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学北京市环境污染控制与资源化工程研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第5期89-96,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1900903)。

摘　　要：为了提高玉米秸秆厌氧消化性能,将铁氧化物(Fe2O3,Fe3O4)和活性炭分别添加到玉米秸秆两相厌氧消化系统中的酸化相和甲烷相进行试验。结果表明,在酸化相和甲烷相中分别添加Fe3O4粉末和活性炭粉末(PAC)的试验组效果最佳。Fe3O4粉末添加到酸化相后,挥发性脂肪酸(volatile fatty acids,VFAs)与乙醇的总含量比对照组中两者的总含量提高了25.4%。酸化结束后加入活性炭粉末继续进行甲烷化试验,玉米秸秆累积产甲烷量达到7965 mL,比对照组提高了27.8%。与对照组相比,添加Fe3O4粉末和活性炭粉末试验组的t 80(累积产甲烷量达到总甲烷产量的80%所用的时间)缩短了8 d,电导率提高了33.3%。从微生物群落角度分析,在Fe3O4+PAC试验组中,细菌优势菌属为Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1,古菌优势菌属为Methanobacterium,可以提高H 2利用率并且促进厌氧过程中的直接种间电子传递(direct interspecies electron transfer,DIET)。因此,Fe3O4粉末和活性炭粉末的添加可以有效提高玉米秸秆厌氧消化产甲烷潜力。In order to improve the anaerobic digestibility of corn stover,iron oxides(Fe2O3,Fe3O4)and activated carbon were respectively added during the acidification phase and methanation phase of a corn stover two-phase anaerobic digestion system.The results showed that the optimal anaerobic digestion performance was achieved with Fe3O4 powder and powdered activated carbon(PAC).When Fe3O4 powder was added during the acidification phase,the combined content of volatile fatty acids(VFAs)and ethanol increased by 25.4%compared with the control group.After the acidification was complete,PAC was added to continue methanation.The methane production of the Fe3O4+PAC group reached 7965 mL,which was 27.8% higher than that of the control group.Compared to the control group,t 80(the time required for the cumulative methane production to reach 80% of the total methane production)of the Fe3O4+PAC group was reduced by eight days,and the conductivity of the Fe3O4+PAC group increased by 33.3%.According to the analysis of the microbial community,in the Fe3O4+PAC group,the dominant bacterial genus was Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1,and the dominant archaea genus was Methanobacterium,which can improve the utilization rate of H 2 and promote direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET)in the anaerobic process.Therefore,the addition of Fe3O4 powder and PAC can effectively increase the methane production potential of corn stover during the process of anaerobic digestion.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 两相厌氧消化 电子传递 Fe3O4 活性炭 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X712[农业科学—农业工程]