产业智能化对产业结构升级的空间溢出效应——劳动力结构和收入分配不平等的调节作用  

The Spatial Effect of Industrial Intelligence on Industrial Structure Upgrading:The Role of Labor Structure and Income Inequality

作　　者：张万里[1] 宣旸 ZHANG Wan-li;XUAN Yang(Institution of economics and finance, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China;School of Humanities, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710126, China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学经济与金融学院,陕西西安710061 [2]西安电子科技大学人文学院,陕西西安710126

出　　处：《经济管理》2020年第10期77-101,共25页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家自然科学青年项目“创新激励扭曲下R&D资金错配与全要素生产率损失的形成机理及测算”(71804140)。

摘　　要：“中国制造业2025”首先提出数字化、网络化和智能化,要加速信息化和工业化两化融合,促进产业结构升级。本文基于中国区域间劳动力结构、收入分配、产业结构和智能化等存在差异的背景下,通过理论和实证分析验证产业智能化对产业结构升级的空间溢出效应。使用2004—2016年中国省级面板数据,构造基于产业结构差异和地理距离的Moore结构变动指数为空间权重矩阵,分析产业智能化对产业结构高级化和合理化的本地效应和空间效应,并探讨劳动力结构和收入分配不平等的空间调节作用。得到如下结论:(1)产业结构高级化和合理化存在显著的正向关联性,产业智能化也存在正向的空间溢出效应;(2)产业智能化对产业结构高级化形成正向溢出效应,但对产业结构合理化造成负向的空间影响;(3)高低技能劳动力比值和男女比例的增加都会提高周边地区产业智能化带来的产业结构高级化进程,而加速产业智能化对产业结构合理化的负向空间影响;(4)城乡收入差距和资本—劳动收入份额比值会增加周边地区产业结构高级化水平,并降低产业结构合理化的演进。为此,应实施地区产业智能化与劳动力结构、工资收入相耦合的政策,积极发挥空间溢出效应,提升地区产业生产率和要素配置,促进产业结构升级。“Made in China 2025”first proposed digitization,networking and intelligence,and should accelerate the integration of informatization and industrialization.Although the United States ranks first in terms of robot,related finance and staff of intelligence in the world,intelligence in China is also developing quickly.The share of intelligent financing has reached 30%of the world,which becomes the second largest intelligent economy in the world in 2018.At the same time,industrial structure in China is changing,which is from the primary industry to the secondary industry,and then to the tertiary industry.Hence,the development of intelligence is affecting Chinese industrial structure.This paper mainly studies how intelligent affects industrial structure upgrading in local and surrounding areas,and analyzes the impact of labor structure and income distribution inequality.Based on the difference of labor structure,income distribution,industrial structure and intelligence in China,this paper verifies the spatial effect of industrial intelligence on industrial structure upgrading.Using 2004—2016 provincial panel data of China,the spatial weight matrix based on industrial structure and geographical distance is constructed to analyze the local and spatial effects of industrial intelligence on industrial structure upgrading,and to explore the spatial adjustment effect of labor structure and income inequality,and to decompose the spatial effect.The conclusions are as follows.Firstly,there is a significant positive spatial effect of industrial structure upgrading and industrial intelligence.Secondly,industrial intelligence has a positive spillover effect on industrial structure optimization,but has a negative spatial impact on industrial structure rationalization.Thirdly,the increase of the ratio of high and low skilled labor and the ratio of men and women will increase industrial structure optimization,while accelerating the negative spatial impact of industrial intelligence on industrial structure rationalization.Fourth

关 键 词：产业智能化 产业结构升级 劳动力结构 收入分配不平等 空间面板回归 

分 类 号：F241[经济管理—劳动经济]