大数据背景下数据可追踪性应用分析与方法研究  

Applications Analysis and Methods Research of Data Traceability in Big Data Content

作　　者：胡韵 胡爱群[1,3] 胡奥婷[1] 李春国 郭晓军 HU Yun;HU Ai-Qun;HU Ao-Ting;LI Chun-Guo;GUO Xiao-Jun(Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;School of Information Engineering,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China;Purple Mountain Laboratories,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学,南京211189 [2]西藏民族大学信息工程学院,咸阳712082 [3]紫金山实验室,南京211189

出　　处：《密码学报》2020年第5期565-582,共18页Journal of Cryptologic Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61671144,61941115);西藏自治区自然科学基金(XZ2019ZRG-36(Z))。

摘　　要：大数据环境下海量数据频繁的交互共享,随之带来的数据安全问题日益严重,如非法用户对数据的窃取、合法用户对数据的越权使用和非法泄露散播等.目前对于数据安全的研究主要集中在保证数据的机密性和完整性方面,即通过不断地叠加安全防护设备,并利用加密、签名和完整性验证等多种密码学安全技术,控制权限,最大程度抵抗对数据的非法获取、使用和传播等操作.在实际应用中,因环境、人为等因素的影响,造成数据泄露的现象是不可避免的,然而针对数据泄露之后的数据可追踪性问题的研究却较少.数据可追踪性是指当捕获到被泄露给第三方的数据后,通过分析非法数据的相关特性,追查到源头和相关责任人.本文尝试对三种传统技术:数据溯源技术、数字指纹技术和叛徒追踪技术在解决数据可追踪性方面的相关特性和方法进行比较分析的基础上,重点分析它们在大数据背景下实现数据可追踪性的可行性、应用状态、亟需解决的问题以及可能的解决方案.Data security issues are becoming more prominent due to the frequent interaction and sharing of massive data in the big data era.Such security threats include data theft by illegal users,unauthorized data acquisition,and data illegal dissemination.Most existing research results focused on ensuring data confidentiality and integrity by ceaseless overlaying the protective equipment and applying multiple cryptography techniques,such as encryption,digital signature and integrity verification.In practical applications,data leakage is inevitable due to environmental and human factors.However,the study on tackling data traceability problems is insufficient.Data traceability means that it should be possible to trace the source and traitors by analyzing the relevant characteristics of the data,if such data is leaked to a third party.This paper analyzes three mainstream techniques for solving data traceability:data provenance,digital fingerprinting and traitor tracing in aspects of the comparative analysis of the relevant features and methods.Furthermore,the feasibility,utility,challenge issues and possible solutions of data traceability are discussed in the context of big data.

关 键 词：数据可追踪性 大数据 数据溯源 数字指纹 叛徒追踪 

分 类 号：TP309.2[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]