从史前考古研究成果看古史传说的五帝时代  

On the Age of Five Emperors in the Legends of Ancient History from the Research Results of Prehistoric Archaeology

作　　者：郭大顺[1,2,3,4,5] Guo Dashun

机构地区：[1]辽宁省文物考古研究所,辽宁沈阳110003 [2]辽宁省文物局专家组 [3]辽宁省文物保护专家组 [4]辽宁省文史研究馆 [5]国家文物鉴定委员会

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2020年第6期5-11,F0002,共8页The Central Plains Culture Research

摘　　要：以考古与文献相结合看五帝时代的时空框架,可分为以黄帝为代表的前期和以尧舜为代表的后期,这同考古学上的仰韶时代(晚期)到龙山时代的阶段变化正相对应。五帝时代前期以个性充分发展为主并频繁交汇即"诸侯相侵伐"与"绝地天通"为时代特点,后期以四周向中原汇聚为主导方向即"之中国"或"帝王所都为中",使中华文化共同体初现。此现象表明北方红山、石峁,东南大汶口、良渚、屈家岭等文化,在五帝时代都非配角。而中原地区作为文化大熔炉和五帝时代诸代表部族活动的主要舞台,将不同经济类型和不同文化传统的诸文化融为一体,而不是分道扬镳,实现了"文化认同"即"共识的中国",为夏商周三代先后入主中原及中华统一多民族国家的形成,奠定了第一块基石。所以,五帝时代是中国历史上最为丰富多彩也是决定民族、国家走向和命运的伟大时代。Based on the combination of Archaeology and literature,the time and space framework of the five emperors period can be divided into the early period represented by Huang Di and Zhuan Xu and the later period represented by Yao,Shun and Yu.This corresponds to the change of the Yangshao(late)to Longshan period in archaeology.In the early period of the five emperors,the development of personality was the main feature,and the characteristics of the times were"the invasion of the princes"and"the communication between the Jedi and the heaven",and the gathering of the surrounding areas to the Central Plains led to the emergence of the Chinese cultural community in the later period.It shows that Hongshan,Shimao in the north,Dawenkou,Liangzhu,Qujialing and other cultures in the south-east were not supporting roles in the era of the five emperors.As the melting pot of culture and the main stage of the activities of the representatives of the five emperors era,the Central Plains region has integrated various cultures of different economic types and different cultural traditions into a"consensus China",which laid the first foundation stone for the Xia,Shang and Zhou Dynasties to enter the Central Plains one after another and for the formation of a unified multi-ethnic country in China.Therefore,the era of five emperors is the most colorful era in Chinese history,and it also determines the trend and destiny of the nation and country.

关 键 词：五帝时代前后期 汇聚与传递 文化认同 共识的中国 第一块基石 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]