吞咽功能训练联合呼吸干预对早产儿吞咽功能及早期神经发育的影响  

Training the swallowing and respiration of preterm infants

作　　者：刘华[1] 胡继红[1] 段雅琴 袁丽平 刘丽君[1] Liu Hua;Hu Jihong;Duan Yaqin;Yuan Liping;Liu Lijun(Rehabilitation Center of Hunan Children′s Hospital,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省儿童医院康复中心,长沙410007

出　　处：《中华物理医学与康复杂志》2020年第10期903-906,共4页Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的探讨吞咽功能训练联合呼吸干预对早产儿吞咽功能及早期神经发育的影响。方法选取早产儿62例,按照随机数字表法将其分为实验组和对照组,实验组30例,对照组32例。对照组在常规临床治疗及早产儿常规护理的基础上给予新生儿抚触,实验组在上述基础上行吞咽功能训练联合呼吸干预训练,记录两组患儿的留置胃管时间,并在纠正胎龄满40周时行新生儿20项行为神经评分(NBNA)。结果干预后,实验组留置胃管时间[(56.27±22.26)d]较对照组[(68.97±23.96)d]短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。纠正胎龄满40周时,实验组NBNA评分[(33.50±2.30)分]较对照组[(31.97±2.39)分]高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。纠正胎龄满40周时,2组患儿NBNA评分与留置胃管时间呈负相关(r=-0.835,P<0.05)。结论吞咽功能训练联合呼吸干预可以改善早产儿的吞咽功能,缩短留置胃管时间,改善早产儿的早期神经发育情况。Objective To explore the effect of swallowing training combined with respiratory intervention on the swallowing function and early neurodevelopment of preterm infants.Methods Sixty-two preterm infants in neonatal intensive care were randomly divided into a study group of 30 and a control group of 32.All received routine treatment and nursing care plus touching,but the study group was additionally provided with swallowing and respiratory training.The duration of gastric tube use was observed,and a 20-item neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA)was administered at 40 weeks of corrected gestational age.Results The average period of gastric intubation in the study group[(56.27±22.26)days]was significantly shorter than the control group′s average[(68.97±23.96)days].The study group′s average NBNA score was significantly higher.Moreover,the NBNA scores were significantly negatively correlated with the intubation times.Conclusions Swallowing training combined with respiratory intervention can improve the swallowing function of preterm infants,shorten the time a gastric tube is needed,and improve their early neurodevelopment.

关 键 词：吞咽功能训练 呼吸干预 早产儿 早期神经发育 留置胃管时间 新生儿20项行为神经评分 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]