玛依塔斯风区东风型风吹雪的天气学分型研究  

Weather Classification and Circulation Configuration of Easterly Wind-Blown Snow in the MayitasWind Area

作　　者：张俊兰 杨霞 魏娟娟 马超 曾春蕾 ZHANG Junlan;YANG Xia;WEI Juanjuan;MA Chao;ZENG Chunlei(Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China;Xinjiang Tacheng Regional Meteorological Observatory,Tacheng 834700,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆塔城地区气象局,新疆塔城市834700

出　　处：《高原气象》2020年第5期1023-1032,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(IDM2020007)。

摘　　要：选取新疆塔城地区玛依塔斯交通站、老风口站2015-2018年气温、降水、极大风速及风向、最小能见度等逐10 min观测资料和常规地面及高空观测资料,分析了玛依塔斯风区15个东风型风吹雪天气个例,得出冷锋东风型风吹雪居多,东风型风吹雪大多出现在降雪结束后1天左右。东风型风吹雪天气环流形势可分为两型(回流型和锋前减压型)、三类(横槽转竖类、低槽东移类和中纬度波动类),其中回流型东风吹雪比例最高。回流型和锋前减压型东风吹雪天气系统的三维空间配置均呈后倾结构,高空新疆以北的附近上空均为高压脊,但回流型位置偏西并发展强盛、锋前减压型略偏东且强度较弱;地面气压场虽二者均为“东高西低”态势,但回流型风吹雪天气的蒙古高压强度增强快,有明显正变压;锋前减压型的蒙古高压强度变化不大,但中亚热低压发展,玛依塔斯风区处于锋前显著减压区。The 10-minutes observation data and conventional ground and upper-air observation data for the temperature and precipitation,maximum wind speed and wind direction,minimum visibility,etc.of the Mayitas traffic station and Laofengkou station in Tacheng area of Xinjiang during 2015-2018 were selected.The 15 easterly wind-blown snow weather cases in the Mayitas wind area were analyzed.It was found that the cold front easterly wind-blown snow mostly occurred,and the easterly wind-blown snow mostly appeared about 1 day after the snowfall ended.The easterly wind-blown weather circulation situation is divided into 2 types(reflow type and front decompression type)and 3 types(Horizontal trough to vertical,low trough east shift and mid-latitude fluctuations),of which the reflux type of easterly wind-blown snow is the highest proportion.The three-dimensional spatial configuration of the reflow type and front decompression type of easterly wind-blown snow is a backward-inclined structure.The high-altitude is surrounded by high-pressure ridges near the north of Xinjiang,but the reflow type is westward and develops strong,and the front decompression type is slightly biased.The strength of the east is weaker;Although the ground pressure field is“east high and low west”,the Mongolian high pressure of the reflow type wind-blown snow weather is strengthened,and there is obvious positive pressure change;Mongolian high pressure intensity in the front decompression type does not change much.However,the thermal and low pressure in Central Asia is developing,the Maitas wind zone is in the significant decompression zone in front of the front.

关 键 词：玛依塔斯风区 东风型风吹雪 天气学分型 高低空环流 天气系统三维配置 

分 类 号：P456[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]