两类复合无机相变储热材料高温热稳定性和安全性研究  

Research on high temperature thermal stability and safety of two types of composite inorganic phase change thermal storage materials

作　　者：刘亮 吴爱枝 黄云[2] 黄剑 LIU Liang;WU Aizhi;HUANG Yun;HUANG Jian(Beijing Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 101101,China;State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xi􀆳an Shiyou University,Xi􀆳an 710065,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市安全生产科学技术研究院,北京101101 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室,北京100190 [3]西安石油大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《化工学报》2020年第S02期314-320,共7页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015BAA01B02);国家自然科学基金项目(91434116、11847140);江苏省科学计划项目(BA2016120);陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(18JK0609)。

摘　　要：以适合工业储热的复合无机相变储热材料硝酸盐(KNO3、NaNO3)和碳酸盐(Li2CO3、K2CO3、Na2CO3和CaCO3)为相变组分,研究了4种不同配比硝酸盐相变组分和6种不同配比碳酸盐相变组分的热性能(熔点、潜热)差异,分别优选出一种熔融盐相变组分配比。利用多孔载体吸附原理,制备出两种最佳配比的复合熔融盐类储热材料,分析了储热材料在不同介质气氛中(Ar和air)分解难易程度,TG-DSC-MS联用测试的高温热分解产物表明,复合硝酸盐类储热材料在中温(300℃)储热时,物理化学性能稳定,安全性较好,但在高温(500℃以上)时易分解成NO和NO2,且air气氛中更易生成有毒气体;而复合碳酸盐类储热材料在air中比在Ar中更易生成CO而影响储热过程中的安全性。In this paper,nitrate(KNO3,NaNO3)and carbonate(Li2CO3,K2CO3,Na2CO3 and CaCO3),which are composite inorganic phase change thermal storage materials suitable for industrial thermal storage,non-toxic and less corrosive,are used as phase change components,respectively.The thermal properties(melting point,latent heat)of 4 different ratios of nitrate phase change components and 6 different ratios of carbonate phase change components were studied,and a distribution ratio of molten salt phase change components was selected respectively.Using the principle of porous carrier adsorption,two types of composite molten salt thermal storage materials with the best ratio were prepared.The ease of decomposition of the thermal storage materials in different media atmospheres(Ar and air)was analyzed.TG-DSC-MS tested high temperature thermal decomposition products show that the composite nitrate thermal storage materials have stable physical and chemical properties and good safety when storing thermal at medium temperature(300℃),but they are easy to decompose NO and high temperature(500℃)or higher.NO2 and air atmosphere are more likely to generate toxic gases,and composite carbonate thermal storage materials are more likely to generate CO in air than Ar,which affects the safety of the thermal storage process.

关 键 词：硝酸盐 碳酸盐 储热材料 热分解 

分 类 号：TK512[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]