城市绿地促进人群健康的作用途径:理论框架与实践启示  

IMPACT MECHANISM OF URBAN GREEN SPACES IN PROMOTING PUBLIC HEALTH:THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND INSPIRATION FOR PRACTICAL EXPERIENCES

作　　者：张金光[1,2] 余兆武 赵兵 ZHANG Jinguang;YU Zhaowu;ZHAO Bing(College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University;Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management,Faculty of Science,University of Copenhagen)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学风景园林学院 [2]哥本哈根大学地球科学与自然资源管理系

出　　处：《景观设计学（中英文）》2020年第4期104-113,共10页Landscape Architecture Frontiers

摘　　要：城市绿地不仅可以提供广泛的生态系统服务,也能提升人群健康。当前,已有大量研究论述了城市绿地与人群健康的关系并取得了诸多进展,但尚缺少对两者复杂潜在作用途径的探讨。本文首先论述了城市绿地对人群健康的积极与消极影响,其次从鼓励体力活动、缓解精神压力、提高社会凝聚力和提供生态系统调节/支持服务4个方面构建了城市绿地促进人群健康的作用途径理论框架。在此框架研究基础上初步提出了健康导向下的城市绿地系统规划应对策略,具体包括:1)提升城市绿地的可获得性;2)提高城市绿地的可达性;3)增强城市绿地的可视性;4)优化城市绿地的空间要素组成;5)构建网络状城市绿地空间格局;6)降低城市绿地对人群健康的消极影响。研究成果可为人群健康和城市可持续发展提供有效的理论基础和经验启示,让有限的城市绿地发挥更大的健康效益。Urban green spaces can not only offer a wide range of ecosystem services,but also promote public health.Most of existing studies have effectually explored the correlation between urban green spaces and public health,but failed to dig the complex impact mechanism behind.This article firstly goes into the positive and negative impacts of urban green spaces on public health,and proposes a theoretical framework of the impact mechanism from perspectives of physical activity encouragement,stress management,social cohesion enhancement,and regulating/supporting services provision by ecosystems.On this basis,6 health-oriented urban green space system planning strategies are proposed,including promoting the availability,improving the accessibility,enhancing the visibility,optimizing the spatial composition,constructing a network pattern of urban green spaces,and reducing the negative impacts of urban green spaces on public health.The research results can provide theoretical grounding and reference for public health promotion and sustainable urban development to exert more health benefits with limited urban green spaces.

关 键 词：人群健康 城市绿地 基于自然的解决方案 生态系统服务 城市绿地系统规划 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]