硼氮杂芳香稠环化合物的合成进展与挑战  

Recent progress and challenges in the synthesis of boron-nitrogen fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

作　　者：庄方东 王婕妤 裴坚[1] Fang-Dong Zhuang;Jie-Yu Wang;Jian Pei(College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学化学与分子工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2020年第10期1205-1216,共12页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2017YFA0204701);国家自然科学基金(编号:21722201,21790360)资助项目。

摘　　要：在芳香稠环化合物中使用B–N单键替代C=C双键是丰富和创新有机材料的有效策略.这类新化合物在性质上与其全碳的等电子体有一定的相似性,但由于分子内偶极的存在,使得原本等价的碳原子不再"化学等价",由此表现出独特的物理化学性能.大量研究表明,硼氮杂稠环化合物在材料科学、生命科学、药物化学、催化等领域都表现出潜在的应用价值.然而合成过程中某些中间体甚至一些最终产物对水或氧气敏感导致合成上存在较大的障碍.虽然近年来硼氮杂稠环化合物的性能研究取得了长足的发展,但对于硼氮杂共轭骨架的合成工作的研究仍非常有限.本文回顾了硼氮杂稠环化合物自首次合成以来在合成方法上取得的进展,并指出了未来在合成上的挑战.Using B–N single bonds to replace C=C double bonds in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) is an effective strategy to enrich and innovate organic functional materials. In particular, the resulted new compounds are similar to their isoelectronic all-carbon species, however, due to the presence of dipoles in the molecule, the original carbon atoms are no longer "chemically equivalent", leading to distinctive characteristics. A large number of studies have shown that BN-fused PAHs have potential applications in the fields of materials science, biomedical research,medicinal chemistry and catalysis. Although the performance of BN-fused PAHs has made great progress in recent years, the synthesis method of the BN ring is still very limited. The susceptibility of some intermediates and even BNfused PAHs to water or oxidation causes huge obstacles in developing new synthesis methods. This review specifically covers the progress made in the synthesis of BN-fused PAHs and points out the future synthesis challenges.

关 键 词：芳香稠环 杂稠环 硼氮 合成 

分 类 号：O626[理学—有机化学]