螯合剂HIDS对低配方营养液栽培西葫芦幼苗的影响  

Effect of Chelating Agent HIDS on Summer Squash Seedlings Cultured in Low Formula Nutrient Solution

作　　者：段旭锦 李灵芝[1] 张伟 高清兰 梁运香 常领山 张杰纯 张国香 李海平[1,7] DUAN Xu-jin;LI Ling-zhi;ZHANG Wei;GAO Qing-lan;LIANG Yun-xiang;CHANG Ling-shan;ZHANG Jie-chun;ZHANG Guo-xiang;LI Hai-ping(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Shanxi Agricultural Mechanization Service Center,Taiyuan 030031;Datong Meteorological Bureau,Datong 037010;Yuci Meteorological Bureau,Jinzhong 030600;Shandong Yuanlian Chemical Company Limited,Jining 272000;Shanxi Academy of Analytical Sciences,Taiyuan 030000;Collaborative Innovation Center for Improving Quality and Increase Profits of Protected Vegetables,Taigu 030801)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,太谷030801 [2]山西省农业机械化服务中心,太原030031 [3]大同市气象局,大同037010 [4]山西省榆次区气象局,晋中030600 [5]山东远联化工股份有限公司,济宁272000 [6]山西省分析科学研究院,太原030000 [7]山西省设施蔬菜提质增效协同创新中心,太谷030801

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2020年第11期719-729,共11页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2014GB2A300017);山西省科技攻关项目(20110311016-2)。

摘　　要：以‘农园1号’西葫芦为试材进行水培实验,设置7个营养液处理,T1:一般营养液配方处理(对照),1/2倍山崎黄瓜配方;T2:低配方营养液处理,1/3倍山崎黄瓜配方;处理T3、T4、T5、T6和T7在T2配方基础上每升营养液中分别添加7、35、70、105、140mg HIDS,即营养液中HIDS浓度分别为7、35、70、105、140mg·L^−1。西葫芦幼苗于日光温室中水培12d后,分析低配方营养液中添加HIDS对西葫芦生长、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性糖、蛋白及光合、荧光的影响。结果表明:低配方营养液处理T2西葫芦生长状况、抗氧化酶活性以及光合能力均低于对照。添加HIDS促进了低营养液下西葫芦的生长,营养液中HIDS浓度为70mg·L^−1的T5处理效果最佳,其叶面积、根体积、全株鲜重、干重、可溶性蛋白、SOD、POD、CAT分别比T2处理显著提高13.17%、21.69%、12.19%、21.28%、23.57%、132.22%、44.32%、39.61%,MDA含量显著降低102.55%;光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳日均值以及叶绿素总量分别比T2处理显著提高41.77%、19.11%、8.84%、40.26%、37.50%;添加HIDS可使低营养液下西葫芦叶片Fv/Fm、Fv'/Fm'、ETR、qP升高,NPQ降低,缓解低营养对西葫芦光合器官造成的伤害。添加70mg HIDS的T5处理各指标与对照差异不显著。故低配方营养液中HIDS浓度为70mg·L^−1对促进低营养液下西葫芦生长、光合,提高保护酶活性效果较佳,且可达到节肥16.67%的效果。The utilization rate of cucurbit vegetable to fertilizer is low in China.Summer squash is one of the main vegetables cultivated in solar greenhouse in north China.In order to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency,"Nongyuan No.1"summer squash was taken as the test material for hydroponics experiment.Seven nutrient solution treatments were set in the experiment.T1:General nutrient solution formula(control),1/2 times Yamazaki cucumber nutrient solution formula;T2:Low formula nutrient solution,1/3 times Yamazaki cucumber nutrient solution;Treatment T3,T4,T5,T6 and T7 were added with 7,35,70,105 and 140 mg HIDS per liter of nutrient solution on the basis of T2 formula.That was to say,HIDS concentration in nutrient solution is 7,35,70,105,140mg·L^−1.When summer squash seedlings had two leaves,they were planted in a 4.5L bucket of the treatment solution(2 plants per bucket).The effects of adding HIDS to low formula nutrient solution on growth,antioxidant enzyme activity,soluble sugar,protein,photosynthesis and fluorescence of summer squash were analyzed after 12 days of hydroponics in solar greenhouse.The results showed that the growth status,antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic capacity of T2 summer squash treated with low formula nutrient solution were all worse than those treated with general nutrient solution T1.The addition of HIDS promoted the growth of summer squash in the low formula nutrient solution,and the concentration of HIDS in the nutrient solution was 70mg·L^−1,which had the best effects on T5.Compared with T2 treatment,the leaf area,root volume,fresh and dry weight of the whole plant,soluble protein,superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)in T5 treatment were significantly increased by 13.17%,21.69%,12.19%,21.28%,23.57%,132.22%,44.32%,39.61% and malondiadehyde(MDA)content was significantly reduced by 102.55%.The photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,daily mean value of intercellular carbon dioxide and total chlorophyll content of T5 were signif

关 键 词：水培西葫芦 螯合剂 HIDS 低配方营养液 光合作用 

分 类 号：S642.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]