1990年代以来乡土小说的逆时针时序叙事及其文化透视——以《日光流年》《受活》等小说为例  

The Counter Clockwise Timing Narration of Local Novels and Its Cultural Perspective Since the 1990s:Taking The Passage of Time and Shouhuo as Examples

作　　者：周银银 ZHOU Yinyin(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Yancheng Teachers University,Yancheng Jiangsu 224002,China)

机构地区：[1]盐城师范学院文学院,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《湖南工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期106-114,共9页Journal of Hunan University of Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金项目“新世纪‘介入现实主义’小说研究”(18ZWC007);国家社科基金项目“新世纪长篇小说的介入性与公共性研究(2000—2016)”(17BZW165);江苏省高校哲学社会科学优秀创新团队“比较文学与跨文化研究创新团队”。

摘　　要：在20世纪90年代以来的乡土小说中,以阎连科《日光流年》《受活》等为代表的逆时针时序叙事引人注目。于此,在由死亡开启的逆流时间中,作家强调生命的终结,凸显童年的存在,站到童年与死亡的两端深刻反思时间、存在与死亡之关系;同时,其时间返源的旅行也昭示了乡土作家身处工业文明和农业文明之间的迷惘之态。以生命观与文学观视之,乡土小说之逆时针时序叙事蕴藏着“向死而生”的力量,只是由于宿命主导、人性劣根、权力文化痼疾等原因,其能否真的绝处逢生有待商榷。就逆时针时序叙事之社会学效应而言,乡土小说这种“不可靠叙述”方式,既为乡村现实及重大历史的探查敞开了多向度解读的可能,也为公共话语的打造和文学公共空间的建构提供了新的路径。Since the 1990 s, the counterclockwise timing narration has aroused great attention in the local novels, which is represented by Yan Lianke’s novels The Passage of Time and Shouhuo. In the counter-current time started by death, the writer emphasizes the end of life, highlights the existence of childhood, and deeply reflects on the relationship among time, existence and death from both ends of childhood and death;At the same time, his journey of time returning to the source also shows that local writers are in a state of confusion between industrial civilization and agricultural civilization. From the viewpoint of literature and life, there is a force"being-towardsdeath"in the narrative time. However, it’s difficult for us to find hope because of destiny, human nature and the shortcomings of power system. Finally, with this"unreliable"narration, readers may interpret rural history and current reality from different angles, which provides a path for constructing the public space and discourse of literature.

关 键 词：乡土小说 阎连科 逆时针时序 童年退守 向死而生 不可靠叙述 文学公共性 

分 类 号：I207.42[文学—中国文学]