医务人员职业安全状况调查及其保障机制研究  

Investigation on the Status Quo of Occupational Safety and Safeguard Mechanism of Medical Personnel

作　　者：陈与丰 江月 袁和静 徐蕾 CHEN Yufeng;JIANG Yue;YUAN Hejing;XU Lei(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;School of Marxism, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学马克思主义学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2020年第10期1222-1227,共6页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：北京市社科规划项目“基于大数据的北京市医生职业风险防控机制构建”(17SRC019)。

摘　　要：为了解医务人员职业安全现状,从医务人员、患者、医学生不同视角多维度分析职业暴露、医患关系、工作压力与职业安全的相关性,探讨保障医务人员职业安全的有效机制及可实现性。采用方便抽样的方法,通过问卷星对云南、浙江、福建等地共计411人进行线上问卷调查。采用频数分布和构成比对计数资料进行统计描述,卡方检验进行数据分析。55.39%的受访者认为医务人员职业安全状况不良,不安全的因素按照频数由高到低依次是职业压力、医患关系、职业暴露。不同职业人员对医务人员职业安全的认知具有显著差异。媒体正确导向、倡导尊重医生,开展宣传教育、缩小医患信息不对等,改善就诊流程、缩短就诊时间,是保障医务人员职业安全最重要的三个预测因素。在此基础上建议从医务人员、医院、患者、政府及舆论五方面进行部署,以提高医务人员的职业安全程度。In order to understand the current situation of occupational safety of medical personnel,this paper analyzed the correlation among occupational exposure,doctor-patient relationship,work stress and occupational safety from the following different perspectives:medical personnel,patients and medical students,and explored the effective mechanism and realizability of ensuring occupational safety of medical personnel.A total of 411 people in Yunnan,Zhejiang,Fujian and other p laces were surveyed by online questionnaire using convenient sampling method.Statistical descriptions were made using frequency distribution and composition comparison,Chi-square test for data analysis.55.39%of the respondents thought that the occupational safety of medical personnel was poor.The factors involved were occupational stress,doctor-patient relationship and occupational exposure in order of frequency.There are significant differences in the respondents’perception of occupational safety for medical staff among different professionals.The correct media guidance,calling for more respect for doctors,positive publicity and education,reducing information asymmetry between doctors and patients,shortening the time of consultation are the three most important predictors to ensure the occupational safety of medical staff.On this basis,it is suggested to deploy medical personnel,hospitals,patients,government and public opinion in order to improve the occupational safety of medical personnel.

关 键 词：职业安全 医患关系 工作压力 职业暴露 医务人员 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]