相干X射线成像进展  

Coherent X-ray imaging technology

作　　者：吴若楠 卞雨晗 席鹏[1] WU RuoNan;BIAN YuHan;XI Peng(Department of Biomedical Engineering,College of Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学工学院生物医学工程系,北京100871

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2020年第11期1213-1221,共9页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

摘　　要：X射线显微技术能够弥补光学显微镜分辨率的不足和电子显微镜成像深度的不足,具有很大的应用潜力.本文对已有文献进行综合,从透射、散射、衍射等成像原理方面介绍X射线显微技术,包括透射X射线显微成像、小角X射线散射成像、相干X射线衍射成像、X射线全息术等技术.本文同时介绍了多个技术的结合应用,如扫描透射X射线显微成像与相干X射线衍射成像的结合、叠层衍射成像和扫描小角X射线散射成像的结合、X射线显微技术与荧光技术的结合.不同技术取长补短,获得了信息更全、质量更高的成像结果.最后,本文从快速定位、算法、射线源、样品制备4个改进方面介绍了X射线成像技术的研究进展.Imaging of biological materials and cells with X-ray microscopy,which has high application potential,can break the diffraction limit barrier of traditional optical microscopy and exceed the transmission depth of electron microscopy.In this study,we introduce the examples of X-ray microscopy technology,such as transmission X-ray microscopy(TXM),small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS),coherent X-ray diffraction imaging(CDI/CXDI),and X-ray holography.In addition,we demonstrate the combination of different technologies to achieve optimized imaging results such as the combination of STXM with CDI,the combination of scanning SAXS with ptychography,and the combination of X-ray microscopy with fluorescence imaging.Relevant improvements in rapid positioning,algorithms,X-ray sources,and sample preparation are also discussed.

关 键 词：X射线显微术 扫描X射线衍射显微镜 X射线自由电子激光器 多层层析断层扫描 

分 类 号：O434.1[机械工程—光学工程]