春玉米覆膜对土壤溶解性有机质光谱特征的影响  

Effects of Film Mulching on Spectral Characteristics of Soil Dissolved Organic Matter in Spring Maize

作　　者：武佳颖 武敏桦 闫静琪 刘子刚 黄智鸿[1,2] 赵海超 李艳平[3] 魏东 贺东刚[4] WU Jia-ying;WU Min-hua;YAN Jing-qi;LIU Zi-gang;HUANG Zhi-hong;ZHAO Hai-chao;LI Yan-ping;WEI Dong;HE Dong-gang(School of Agriculture Forestry Science and Technology,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-products and Food,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing,100012,China;Shijiazhuang Liyu Technology Development Co.,Ltd,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院农林科技学院,河北张家口075000 [2]河北省农产品食品质量安全分析检测重点实验室,河北张家口075000 [3]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [4]石家庄蠡玉科技开发有限公司,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《河北北方学院学报（自然科学版）》2020年第11期27-33,44,共8页Journal of Hebei North University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系(玉米体系岗位专家)(HBCT2018020203);河北省科技厅项目(18226334D);河北省教育厅重大项目(ZD2019097)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同地膜覆盖方式下对土壤溶解性有机质(DOM)光谱特征的影响,利用白膜、黑膜和全膜覆盖、半膜覆盖进行春玉米田间试验,采用三维荧光光谱和紫外光谱技术分析土壤DOM垂向光谱特征。结果表明土壤DOM中类腐殖酸组分占比最高(45.42%~49.58%),其次为类富里酸组分(27.1%~30.3%)。覆膜使土壤DOM芳香性降低,腐殖化程度较高,微生物源特征增强。白色地膜增温效果较好,黑色地膜保水效果较好,全膜覆盖增温保水能力高于半膜覆盖。白色全膜覆盖使土壤DOM类腐殖酸组分占比较高,芳环降解能力增强,腐殖化程度增高;黑色全膜覆盖使土壤DOM类富里酸组分占比较高,芳香性增强。冀西北寒旱区应采取白色全膜覆盖,提高土壤水分、温度,进而促进土壤DOM转化,增加土壤供肥能力。To study the effects of different plastic film mulching methods on the spectral characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM),field experiments of spring maize were carried out with white film,black film,full film and half film mulch.The vertical spectral characteristics of soil DOM were analyzed by three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectroscopy.The results showed that humic-like acid components accounted for the highest proportion(45.42%-49.58%),followed by fulvic-like acid components(27.1%-30.3%).Mulching with plastic film reduced the aromaticity of DOM,increased the degree of humification and enhanced the characteristics of microbial sources.The warming effect of white plastic film was better than that of black film,and the warming and water holding capacity of whole film mulching was higher than that of half film mulching.White film mulching increased the proportion of DOM humic-like acid components,enhanced aromatic ring degradation ability and humification degree;black film mulching increased the proportion of DOM fulvic-like acid components and enhanced the aromaticity.In order to improve soil moisture and temperature in the cold and arid areas of Northwest Hebei province,it is necessary to adopt white film mulching,so as to promote the transformation of soil DOM and increase soil fertility.

关 键 词：春玉米 覆膜方式 溶解性有机质 三维荧光光谱 紫外光谱 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]