不同颜色地膜覆盖对寒旱区春玉米土壤水温状况及产量的影响  

Effects of Mulching with Different Color Plastic Films on Soil Water Temperature and Yield of Spring Maize in Cold and Arid Areas

作　　者：闫静琦 武佳颖 蒋傲男 赵海超[1,2] 卢海博 黄智鸿[1,2] YAN Jing-qi;WU Jia-ying;JIANG Ao-nan;ZHAO Hai-chao;LU Hai-bo;HUANG Zhi-hong(School of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;Hebei Province Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-products and Food,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院农林科技学院,河北张家口075000 [2]河北省农产品食品质量安全分析检测重点实验室,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《河北北方学院学报（自然科学版）》2020年第11期34-39,共6页Journal of Hebei North University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：目的探究覆盖不同地膜颜色对寒旱区春玉米农田增温提水的效果。方法采用田间试验的方法,研究不同颜色地膜(黑色膜、白色膜)对春玉米农田土壤水温利用效率及产量效应的影响。结果全生育期农田土壤(0~100 cm)含水率在15.33%~20.36%之间,白色膜比黑色膜和对照分别提高0.71%、10.63%,且耗水量最低;全生育期农田土壤(0~20 cm)温度在16.73℃~37.25℃之间,白色膜比黑色膜和对照分别增加0.06℃、1.22℃。水分利用效率白色膜、黑色膜、对照分别为20.24%、19.05%、17.39%,白色膜>黑色膜>对照,白色膜比黑色膜、对照分别提高16.39%,9.55%。温度利用效率黑色膜、白色膜、对照分别为3.45%、3.64%、3.27%,白色膜>黑色膜>对照,白色膜比黑色膜、对照分别提高11.31%,5.50%。籽粒产量白色膜、黑色膜、对照分别为9880.96kg·hm-2、9359.88 kg·hm-2、8907.76kg·hm-2,白色膜>黑色膜>对照,白色膜比黑色膜、对照分别提高10.93%、5.08%。结论冀西北寒旱区春玉米节水增温最佳覆膜颜色为白色膜。Objective To explore the color of mulching film for increasing temperature and water content in spring corn farmland in cold and arid regions.Methods Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different color plastic films(black film and white film)on use efficiency of soil water temperature and yield in spring maize field.Results The water content of farmland soil(0-100 cm)was 15.33%-20.36%,and the water consumption of white film was 0.71%and 10.63%higher than that of black film and control,and the water consumption was the lowest;when the temperature of farmland soil(0-20 cm)was 16.73℃to 37.25℃,the water use efficiency of white film was 0.06℃and 1.22℃higher than that of black film and control(20.24%,17.39%,19.05%,respectively),showing white film>black film>control,and white film was 16.39%,9.55%higher than black film and control,respectively;the temperature utilization efficiency of black film,white film and control were 3.45%,3.64%and 3.27%,respectively.The white film was higher than the black film and the control by 11.31%and 5.50%,respectively.The grain yield of black film,white film and control were 9359.88 kg·hm-2,9880.96 kg·hm-2 and 8907.76 kg·hm-2,respectively.The white film>black film>control,and the white film was higher than black film and control by 10.93%and 5.08%,respectively.Conclusion White film is the best mulching type for spring corn in cold and arid areas in Northwest Hebei.

关 键 词：地膜颜色 春玉米 寒旱区 土壤水温 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]