英国有轨电车发展经验及启示  

Development Experience and Enlightenment of British Trams

作　　者：刘悦 胡雪霏 贾文峥[1] 胡昊 沙茜 Liu Yue;Hu Xue-fei;Jia Wen-Zheng;Hu Hao;Sha Xi(China Academy of Transportation Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部科学研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《交通运输研究》2020年第5期75-83,共9页Transport Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(20194810)。

摘　　要：为学习借鉴国外先进经验以加强我国有轨电车的行业管理、推动有轨电车健康有序发展,系统梳理总结了20世纪30年代以来英国有轨电车的发展情况,将其划分为衰落和复兴两个阶段,分析了不同阶段英国有轨电车建设和运营的政策环境、标准制定和机构变革等。结合我国有轨电车在立项审批、建设和运营中存在的问题,从发展定位、标准体系建设、立项审批和服务提供等方面提出建议,具体包括:对于不具备建设地铁和轻轨系统或客运规模较小的城市,可选择建设有轨电车系统以达到改善公共出行条件的目的;应加快完善技术标准体系建设,推进有轨电车相关标准的制修订工作;适时建设行业统一的有轨电车项目审批评估准则,提升有轨电车项目可持续发展能力;逐步提供多样化服务,在规划设计初期充分考虑运营需求,为特殊乘客出行和多制式换乘提供便利。In order to learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries to strengthen the industry management of trams in China,promote the healthy and orderly development of trams,development of British trams since the 1930s were systematically sorted out and summarized.The development periods could be divided into two stages of decline and revival.The policy environment,standard formulation and mechanism of the construction and operation of British trams in different stages were analyzed.Combined with the problems existing in the project approval,construction and operation of trams in China,suggestions were put forward on the development orientation,standard system construction,project approval and service provision.Suggestions include constructing tram system to improve public travel condition in cities without metro and light rail system or with small passenger transport scale,accelerating the construction of technical standard system,promoting the formulation and revision of relevant standards for trams;timely building the industry unified criteria for approval and evaluation of tram project to improve its sustainable development capacity;considering the operation needs from the beginning of planning and design stage,and gradually providing diversified services to facilitate special passengers′travel and multi-mode transfer.

关 键 词：英国有轨电车 发展经验 政策标准 立项审批 运营服务 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]