绿肥翻压配施生物炭对烤烟连作土壤理化性质及其产质量的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Green Manure and Biochar on Yield and Quality of Tobacco and Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Continuous Cropping Flue-cured Tobacco Field

作　　者：芦海灵 常栋[2] 张翔[1] 李亮[1] 范艺宽 李亚飞 LU Hailing;CHANG Dong;ZHANG Xiang;LI Liang;FAN Yikuan;LI Yafei(Hennn Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002;Pingdingshan Branch,Henan Tobacco Company,Zhengzhou,Henan 467002;Henan Branch,China National Tobacco Corporation,Zhengzhou,Henan 450018,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司,河南平顶山467002 [3]中国烟草总公司河南省公司,河南郑州450018

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2020年第10期28-33,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司河南省公司项目“河南植烟土壤保育技术研发及模式构建与示范”(2018410000270036)。

摘　　要：为烤烟连作土壤土传病害的控制及提高烟叶产质量提供依据,以无绿肥翻压及不施生物炭为对照,研究绿肥翻压与施用不同量生物炭处理对土壤理化性质、土传病害发生、烤烟农艺性状和经济效益的影响。结果表明:绿肥翻压配施生物炭处理可明显改善土壤理化性状和提高烟叶的经济效益,减轻根腐病和黑胫病的发生;土壤微生物数量和烟叶经济效益与土壤理化性质密切相关;绿肥翻压+生物炭1500kg/hm2处理,土壤有机质含量较对照增加87.30%,细菌/真菌和放线菌/真菌比值较对照分别升高195.75%和74.75%,烟叶产量和产值较对照分别增加27.46%和31.75%,旺长期和采烤期根腐病和黑胫病发病率较对照分别降低16.11%、35.93%和53.79%、30.23%。绿肥翻压配施生物炭可改善土壤的理化性状和提高烟叶的产质量及经济效益,降低根腐病和黑胫病的发生。In order to provide the basis for controlling soil borne disease in continuous cropping fluecured tobacco field and improving tobacco yield and quality,the effects of combined application of green manure and biochar with different application level treatment on agronomic traits and economic benefit of tobacco and soil physico-chemical properties and incidence of soil borne disease are studied by taking nongreen manure and non-biochar application as the control.Result:Combined application of green manure and biochar treatment can improve soil physico-chemical properties significantly and increase economic benefit of tobacco and reduce root rot and black shank disease.Soil microbe amount is closely related to tobacco economic benefit and soil physico-chemical properties.Soil organic content,bacteria/fungi ratio,actinomycetes/fungi ratio and tobacco yield and output value under green manure+1500 kg/hm2 biochar treatment increase by 87.30%,195.75%,74.75%,27.46%and 31.75%compared with CK respectively.The morbidity of root rot and black blank disease during vigorously growing and curing stage of tobacco reduces by 16.11%,35.93%,and 53.79%and 30.23%separately compared with CK separately.Combined application of green manure and biochar treatment can improve soil physico-chemical properties,increase yield,quality and economic benefit of tobacco and reduce the occurrence of root rot and black shank disease.

关 键 词：烤烟 绿肥翻压 生物炭 连作土壤 土壤理化性状 经济效益 

分 类 号：S572.062[农业科学—烟草工业]