汽车轻量化技术的研究现状综述  

Literature review on research and development of automotive lightweight technology

作　　者：李光霁 刘新玲 LI Guangji;LIU Xinling(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghni Institute of Technology,Shanghai 201018,China)

机构地区：[1]上海应用技术大学机械工程学院,上海201418

出　　处：《材料科学与工艺》2020年第5期47-61,共15页Materials Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51205257)。

摘　　要：近年来汽车行业的科技水平发展程度逐渐提高,汽车行业进入高速发展阶段,然而随之而来的环境和能源问题也日趋加重。轻量化技术变成了各个汽车企业提升市场竞争力的关键,作者根据近些年来汽车轻量化技术现状进行综述,主要介绍了包括轻量化材料(高强度钢、镁合金、铝合金、钛合金、塑料及复合材料)、现阶段应用于汽车制造的先进加工工艺(激光焊接技术、液压成形技术)以及发展逐步成熟、显著提高轻量化成果的结构优化(尺寸优化、形状优化、形貌优化、拓扑优化、多目标多学科优化)的使用现状以及对其发展趋势的探讨。In recent years,the level of technological development in the automotive industry has gradually increased,and the automotive industry has entered a stage of rapid development.However,the environmental and energy problems that have followed have become more and more serious.Lightweight technology has become the key to improving the competitiveness of various automobile companies.Based on the current status of automotive lightweight technology in recent years,the author mainly introduces lightweight materials(high-strength steel,magnesium alloy,aluminum alloy,titanium).Alloys,plastics and composites,advanced processing technology(laser welding technology,hydroforming technology)applied to automobile manufacturing at present,and structural optimization(size optimization,shape optimization,shape optimization)that is gradually matured and significantly improved(light weight results,topology optimization,multi-objective and multidisciplinary optimization)and the development of its development trend.

关 键 词：汽车轻量化 轻量化材料 激光焊接技术 液压成形技术 结构优化 

分 类 号：U465[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]