国家级新区先行先试法治化的制度成本  

On the Institutional Cost of the Institutional Experiment Rule of Law in State-Level New Areas

作　　者：杜维超[1] 殷书建 DU Wei-chao;YIN Shu-jian(School of Law,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,南京210023

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第6期30-35,共6页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：江苏省教育厅学习贯彻党的十九大精神重点专题研究项目“以十九大精神引领南京江北新区法治政府建设顶层设计研究”(2017ZDTXM010);中国博士后科学基金会面上资助项目(2017M621768)。

摘　　要：地方先行先试是中国改革进程中重要的制度供给路径。当前改革实践中强调改革举措的正当性与合法性,先行先试法治化成为发展趋向。国家级新区先行先试改革中的“良性违法”在降低制度成本的同时削弱了改革的正当性;新区先行先试的法治化推进则在重建正当性的同时抬升了改革的制度成本。应当在国家级新区先行先试的法治化推进中引入制度成本观念,平衡效率与正当。具体路径包括:法理观照现实,平衡统一性与多样性;扩大地方立法权限,鼓励差异化制度竞争;简化法律调整程序,提高制度供给效率;积极运用授权机制,合理配置立法资源;强化容错免责机制,降低制度试错成本。Local institutional experiment is an important institutional supply path in China's reform process.In the current reform practice,the legitimacy and legality of reform measures are emphasized,and the rule of law of experiment becomes the development trend.The“benign violations”in the state-level new areas'experiment have weaken the legitimacy while reducing the institution cost;the advancement of the rule of law in the new areas has promoted the legitimacy but raised the institutional cost of reform.The concept of institu⁃tional cost should be introduced in the advancement of the rule of law in the national new areas.The specific path balancing efficiency and justification includes:jurisprudence taking care of reality to balance unity and diversity;expanding local legislative authority to encourage differentiated system competition;simplifying legal adjustment procedures to improve institution supply efficiency;actively using authorization mechanism to ra⁃tionally allocate legislative resources;strengthening fault-tolerant exemption mechanism to reduce the cost of trial and error.

关 键 词：国家级新区 先行先试法治化 制度成本 区域法治发展 

分 类 号：D927[政治法律—法学]