农村厕所改革对农民医疗卫生支出的影响研究  

Research on the Impact of Rural Toilet Reform On Farmers’Health Expenditure

作　　者：刘传明[1] 刘越 LIU Chuanming;LIU Yue

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学经济学院,北京102206 [2]中国公共财政与政策研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2020年第10期89-102,共14页Issues in Agricultural Economy

摘　　要：本文基于2010—2017年中国省级面板数据,研究农村厕所改革对农民医疗卫生支出的影响,为了解决农村厕所改革与农民医疗卫生支出存在的互为因果的内生性问题,本文采用农村自来水厂的个数作为农村厕所改革的工具变量。研究结果显示:(1)农村厕所改革对农民医疗卫生支出的影响系数显著为负,说明农村厕所改革显著降低了农民医疗卫生支出;(2)痢疾发病率在农村厕所改革与农民医疗卫生支出之间发挥中介效应,农村厕所改革通过减少痢疾发病率降低农村医疗卫生支出,农民人均可支配收入在农村厕所改革与农民医疗卫生支出的关系中起调节作用;(3)农村厕所改革对农村医疗卫生支出的影响具有区域异质性,东部地区农村厕所改革对农民医疗卫生支出的负向影响较强,中西部地区农村厕所改革对农民医疗卫生支出的负向影响较弱。Based on provincial panel data from 2010 to 2017,this paper analyzes the impact of rural toilet reform on farmers’health expenditure.In order to solve the endogenous problem of reverse causality between rural toilet reform and health expenditure,this paper adopts the number of rural water supply stations as instrumental variables for rural toilet reform.The results show that:(1)the impact of rural toilet reform on farmers’health expenditure is significantly negative,indicating that the rural toilet reform has reduced the medical and health expenditure.(2)The incidence rate of dysentery has the mediating effects between rural toilet reform and health expenditure.Rural toilet reform reduces rural medical and health expenditure through the incidence rate of dysentery.The per capita disposable income of farmers plays a moderating role in the relationship between rural toilet reform and health expenditure.(3)The impact of rural toilet reform on rural medical and health expenditure is regional heterogeneity.The negative impact of rural toilet reform on rural medical and health expenditure in eastern China is stronger than that in central and western China.

关 键 词：农村厕所改革 农民医疗卫生支出 工具变量 2SLS 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R127[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]