单极随钻声波测井换能器感知信号类型的研究  

A study on the dominating signal types sensed by the transducers of monopole acoustic logging-while-drilling

作　　者：张超[1] 陈辉 胡恒山[1] 王军[1] ZHANG Chao;CHEN Hui;HU Hengshan;WANG Jun(School of Astronautics,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150000,China;Jiangnan Design&Research Institute of Machinery&Electricity,Guiyang 550009,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学航天学院,哈尔滨150000 [2]江南机电设计研究所,贵阳550009

出　　处：《应用声学》2020年第6期804-809,共6页Journal of Applied Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11734017,11972132,2017ZX05019006-006,41674121,41974136)。

摘　　要：为了认识测量信号所对应的力学类型及相应类型的钻铤波在钻铤内的分布,该文将理论模拟的随钻声波测井波形与实验波形进行对比。与前人单独考虑压电效应或井孔传播效应不同,该文模拟单极随钻声波测井响应时,将发射器、接收器、光滑钻铤和井孔结构作为一个整体,采用有限元法计算模拟了电压源激励下接收器记录的声压信号和位移信号。将模拟的声压波形与电压信号进行比较,发现二者的钻铤波与斯通利波相对幅值相差较大,而模拟的径向位移波形更接近电压信号。进一步比较理论波形与小模型井内实验测量到的电压信号,证实电压信号更接近位移信号而与声压信号差异明显。这表明当钻铤光滑时,单极随钻声波测井换能器感知的主要是径向位移信号。研究还表明声压信号中的钻铤波能量主要集中在钻铤内壁,径向位移信号中的钻铤波能量主要集中在钻铤外壁。To understand the mechanical type corresponding to the measured signal and the distribution of the corresponding type of collar wave in the drill collar,this paper compares the theoretically simulated acoustic logging while drilling(LWD)waveform with the experimental waveform.Unlike predecessors who consider piezoelectric effect or borehole propagation effect alone,when simulating the response of monopole acoustic LWD,the transmitter,receiver,smooth drill collar and borehole structure are taken as a whole and the finite element method was used to calculate and simulate the sound pressure signal and displacement signal recorded by the receiver under the excitation of the voltage source.Comparing the simulated sound pressure waveform with the voltage signal,we find that the relative amplitudes of the collar wave and Stoneley wave are quite different,while the simulated radial displacement waveform is closer to the voltage signal.Further comparison between the theoretical waveform and the voltage signal measured in the experiment of the small model well confirms that the voltage signal is closer to the displacement signal but is significantly different from the sound pressure signal.This shows that when the drill collar is smooth,the monopole acoustic LWD transducer mainly senses the radial displacement signal.The research also shows that the energy of the collar wave in the sound pressure signal is mainly concentrated on the inner wall of the drill collar,while the energy of the drill collar wave in the radial displacement signal is mainly concentrated on the outer wall of the drill collar.

关 键 词：随钻声波测井 换能器 声压 径向位移 压电效应 

分 类 号：TE19[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]