抽凝式汽轮机启动及运行过程中低真空的分析与处理  

Analysis and Treatment of Low Vacuum during Start-Up and Operation of Condensing Turbine

作　　者：倪汤杰 NI Tangjie(Puxing(Anji)Gas Turbine Thermal Power Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]普星(安吉)燃机热电有限公司

出　　处：《上海节能》2020年第10期1213-1215,共3页Shanghai Energy Saving

摘　　要：抽凝式汽轮机的启动要求在冲转前建立凝汽器真空,真空的高低对汽轮机的启动有着重要的影响。汽轮机冲转时所需蒸汽量较少,如果此时真空过高会使主汽调门开度过小而影响汽轮机转速的稳定,且真空过高、蒸汽量很少对汽轮机暖机不利。而如果真空过低,可能会造成冲转瞬间凝汽器产生正压,使低压缸安全膜爆破;此外,真空过低还会使排汽温度高于80℃,导致凝汽器铜管不正常膨胀,造成胀口松弛,引起铜管泄漏;真空过低还会使低压缸叶片产生鼓风摩擦而损坏低压缸叶片。为此,本文以某热电厂抽凝式汽轮机启动及运行过程中出现的低真空现象,通过对所有负压系统的分析、检查和处理,改善了真空,大幅提升了电厂节能和降耗。Extraction condensing steam turbine start-up are required to establish necessary before turn on the vacuum of the condenser vacuum of steam turbine start-up process plays an important influence,rushed when turning the required steam turbine is very small,if the high vacuum can make main steam tone through the small open and affect the stability of turbine speed,on the other hand is high vacuum steam small adverse to the steam turbine engine warming;If the vacuum is too low,at the moment of rushing,the condenser may generate positive pressure,resulting in the low-pressure cylinder safety film explosion.In addition,the exhaust temperature will be higher than 80 degrees Celsius,making the condenser copper tube abnormal expansion,resulting in expansion and relaxation,causing copper tube leakage;On the other hand,the low-pressure cylinder blade will produce air blast friction and damage the low-pressure cylinder blade.In this paper,the vacuum occurred in the starting process of a steam turbine in a thermal power plant is low,and the corresponding inspection and treatment of each negative pressure system is carried out.By lifting the vacuum,the energy saving and consumption reduction can be greatly reduced.

关 键 词：燃机热电厂 抽凝式汽轮机 真空 节能 降耗 凝汽器 汽轮机暖机 冲转 

分 类 号：TM621[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]