鄱阳湖水质变化特征及水体富营养化评价  

Water Quality Change Characteristics and Eutrophication Assessment of Poyang Lake

作　　者：温春云[1] 刘聚涛[1] 胡芳[1] 杨平[1] 韩柳[1] WEN Chun-yun;LIU Ju-tao;HU Fang;YANG Ping;HAN Liu(Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Water Resources and Environment of Jiangxi Province,Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Water Sciences,Nanchang 330029,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省水利科学研究院,江西省鄱阳湖水资源与环境重点实验室,南昌330029

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2020年第11期83-88,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0407600);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20192BAB206049);江西省水利厅科技项目(KT201605,KT201701)。

摘　　要：为及时掌握鄱阳湖水生态环境变化,分别于2017年4月(平水期)、8月(丰水期)、12月(枯水期)采集了湖区表层水样,对水质理化参数进行了测定分析,并通过单因子指数法和综合营养状态指数法对水质进行了综合评价。结果表明:鄱阳湖水体理化参数存在显著的时空差异,水质总体为Ⅴ类水。其中,枯水期水质最差,丰水期水质相对较好。不同时期各样点水体pH值、溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、氨态氮等指标均达到或优于Ⅲ类标准,但大部分水域的总氮和总磷为Ⅳ类或Ⅴ类水。鄱阳湖平、丰水期为中营养状态,并向轻度富营养化过渡,枯水期表现为轻度富营养状态。湖口至屏峰、都昌至棠荫两段水域3个时期总体呈现轻度富营养状态,而星子至都昌水域为中营养。In order to grasp timely the variation of water ecological environment in Poyang Lake,the surface water samples were collected from eleven sampling sites in Poyang Lake in Apr.,Aug.and Dec.of 2017.The physicochemical parameters of water quality in each period were analyzed.The water quality and eutrophication level were evaluated by single factor index and comprehensive nutrient status index.The results indicate that physicochemical parameters were significantly different in temporal and spatial in Poyang Lake,and the overall water quality wasⅤstandard.The water quality was the worst in the dry season,and relatively better in the wet season.In different periods,the content of pH,DO,CODMn,NH+4-N of water at various points met or exceededⅢclass water quality standard,but TN and TP were mostlyⅣorⅤstandards.The present nutrition status in the flat water period and wet season of Poyang Lake was mesotrophic and the transition to mild eutrophication.In the three periods,the water areas from Hukou to Pingfeng and from Duchang to Tangyin were generally mildly eutrophic,while the water areas from Xingzi to Duchang was mesotrophic.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 时空变化 水质评价 富营养化评价 

分 类 号：TV882.9[水利工程—水利水电工程] X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]