我国大豆国际贸易的现状、问题及对策  

On the Status,Problems and Countermeasures of International Trade of Soybean

作　　者：全海恩 高维新[1] QUAN Hai-en;GAO Wei-xin(Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524088)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《天津商务职业学院学报》2020年第5期12-17,共6页Journal of Tianjin College of Commerce

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“金砖国家共赢性发展互动机制研究”(项目编号:13BGJ027);广东省研究生示范课程建设项目“农产品贸易学”(项目编号:2019SFKC32);广东海洋大学2019年人文社科重点项目“乡村振兴战略下广东农村金融扶贫效果的实证研究”(项目编号:2019-01)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：我国大豆产量近年来有了较大提升,但是国内消费需求强劲,使得我国大豆进口量不断增加,大豆进口依存度仍然较高。随着中美贸易摩擦的不断升级,我国不得不减少对美国大豆的进口,进而转向巴西、阿根廷等主要大豆生产国,使得进口来源国日益多元化。但是长期进口转基因大豆会对我国传统大豆产业带来一定的风险,同时跨国粮商的垄断也会威胁大豆食品安全。因此,我国应修复大豆产业链,培育优良品种提高亩产量;加大农业科技的研发和推广,为豆农节约种植成本降低生产风险;加大政府补贴力度,提高豆农种植的积极性;同时要充分开发俄罗斯远东地区农业资源并加强与“一带一路”国家的农产品合作,不断拓展我国优质大豆的进口来源。Although there has been great increasing on soybean output in China,there is still strong demand in domestic consumer,which has resulted in the increasing and the high dependence in soybean import.With the upgrading in Sino-US trade friction,China has to decrease the soybean import from America and turn to other soybean producers including Brazil and Argentina,making the import source counties more diversifying.However,long-term importing trans-gene soybean will bring certain risk to the traditional soybean industry in China,meanwhile the monopoly of transnational grain merchant will threat the soybean food safety.Therefore,China should mend the soybean industry chain to cultivate fine variety and improve yield,promote agriculture science technical research and push R&D and promotion to save planting cost and reduce production risk and increase subsidies to stimulate the planting enthusiasm,meanwhile,fully develop Russian Far East agriculture source and tie up the agriculture products cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road to expand the import sources of quality soybean.

关 键 词：大豆 国际贸易 进口依存度 

分 类 号：F323.7[经济管理—产业经济] F752.6