物资协作:中国计划经济时期的一种非正式经济运作形态  

Supplies Cooperation:A Form of Informal Economic Operations During the Period of the Chinese Planned Economy

作　　者：张学兵 Zhang Xuebing

机构地区：[1]中央党史和文献研究院第一研究部,北京100017

出　　处：《中共党史研究》2020年第5期49-61,共13页CPC History Studies

摘　　要：计划经济时期的物资协作,长期未获国家层面的政策法规支持,但作为一种事实存在,它不曾中辍,并不断发展。物资协作肇因于物资计划体制的失灵、物资供应的短缺、地方工业经济的发展以及各地资源禀赋的差异,发生于20世纪50年代计划经济体制建立之际,历经60年代、70年代两个发展期,最终获得合法地位。在具体运作中,物资协作形态不一,包括求援,物资串换,加工改制,物资与技术、劳务协作等。透过物资协作,可以从一个侧面窥见中国计划经济的运作实态、计划经济背景下的利益分殊以及中国改革初始路径的复杂性。Supplies cooperation during the period of the planned economy was not supported by long-term state polices,but,in fact,it never stopped moving forward and developing continuously.Supplies cooperation resulted from the failure of the planned supply system,the shortage of supplies,and the differences in the development of local industrial economies and the endowment of resources in various areas.It appeared during the 1950s when the planned economy system was established,underwent two periods of development in the 1960s and 1970s,and then finally achieved legal status.In terms of concrete operations,the forms of supplies cooperation were not unified,and they included assistance,interchange of supplies,processing and restructuring,materials and technology,labor cooperation,and so on.Through supplies cooperation,one can get a glimpse of the actual operation of China’s planned economy,the differentiation of interests against the background of the planned economy,and the complexity of the initial path of China’s reform.

关 键 词：计划经济 物资分配调拨 物资协作 

分 类 号：D232[政治法律—政治学] F129[政治法律—中共党史]