三维打印技术在口腔修复中的应用现状及发展趋势  

Present status and outlook of prosthodontic treatments based on three-dimensional printing technologies

作　　者：周永胜[1] Zhou Yongsheng(Department of Prosthodontics,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology&Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院修复科国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室,口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,100081

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2020年第10期716-721,共6页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1106900);北大百度基金资助项目(2019BD021)。

摘　　要：三维打印技术已初步应用于固定修复体、诊断义齿、义齿支架、种植手术导板、定制或个性化种植体的制作等方面。针对上述口腔修复体或口腔修复医疗器械的三维打印技术,可根据成形原理分为光固化成形、烧结成形、熔凝成形3种主要类型,而可用的三维打印材料则包括聚合物、金属和陶瓷。三维打印技术制作口腔修复体、口腔修复医疗器械的优势体现在节省材料、可个性化制作和批量制作等方面。但口腔修复体或口腔修复医疗器械的三维打印精度和强度还需进一步提高,长期临床应用效果还需进一步观察,个性化制作的优势尚未充分体现。本文从三维打印技术在口腔修复中的应用现状和未来发展趋势两个方面进行论述,为进一步推进三维打印技术在口腔修复中的深入研发和应用提供参考。Three-dimensional(3D)printing prostheses or prosthodontic devices have been preliminarily used in the clinics of prosthodontics.These prostheses or devices include diagnostic prostheses,crowns and fixed bridges,removable denture frameworks,implant surgical template,and custom-made implants,etc.There are three major types of technologies for 3D printing according to the forming principles,namely,light curing,sintering or melting,and melting-condensation.The materials used in 3D printing prostheses or devices include polymers,metals,and ceramics,etc.The advantages of 3D printing prostheses include material-saving,customized manufacturing for restorations,and batch production.However,the precision and strength of prostheses or devices,long-term clinical effects,and grade of maturity in customized manufacturing need further investigation and improving.This article focused on the present application,and the future development of 3D printing technologies in prosthodontic treatments.It will provide beneficial references for the future studies,development,and clinical application of 3D printing technologies and restorations in prosthodontic fields.

关 键 词：义齿修复术 牙科材料 牙种植体 三维打印 个性化制作 

分 类 号：TP391.73[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] R783.6[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]