日本新一轮人工智能发展战略 ———人才、研发及社会实装应用  

Japan's New Round of Artificial Intelligence Development Strategy:Talents,R&D and Practical Application in Society

作　　者：刘平[1] 刘亮[1] LIU Ping;LIU Liang(Institute of Applied Economics,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai,200020,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院应用经济研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《现代日本经济》2020年第6期36-47,共12页Contemporary Economy OF Japan

基　　金：2019年国家社会科学基金一般项目“工业化后期阶段产业结构变动趋势研究”(19BJY101)。

摘　　要：日本政府继2017年发布以技术及产业化路线图为重心的《人工智能技术战略》之后,于2019年又发布了以全面应用人工智能为宗旨的《人工智能战略2019》,重点部署和实施人才、研发和社会实装应用战略及措施,从而开启了日本人工智能从技术到应用全面推进发展的新阶段。日本新一轮人工智能发展战略有几点值得关注:一是以实现按人口基数计算能够成为世界第一人才大国为目标,构建素养教育、应用基础教育、专家培育多层次梯级人才培育体系,以使更多劳动人口以及国民能够接受人工智能相关知识和技能的教育或培训,为推广和普及人工智能的社会化应用及提高国民对人工智能时代的接受度夯实基础;二是重构基础研究与实际应用无缝衔接的研发体制,以加快研发成果的转化与应用;三是在健康-医疗-护理、农业、国土强韧化、交通基础设施和物流、智慧城市建设等5个重点领域优先实施社会实装应用项目,以加快实现超智慧“社会5.0”这一智能经济和智能社会发展目标。In 2017,the Japanese government released Artificial Intelligence Technology Strategy which presents the focus on technology and industrialization roadmap.After then Japan issued Artificial Intelli-gence Strategy 2019 for the full application of artificial intelligence,which focuses on the deployment and implementation of the strategy and measures on talents,R&D and social practical application.It thus star-ted a new stage of comprehensive advancement of artificial intelligence from technology to application in Japan.There are several noteworthy points in Japan's new round of AI development strategy.Firstly,with the goal of becoming the world's largest country of talents based on population,Japan constructs a multi-level and gradient-based talents cultivation system consisting of quality education,applied basic educa-tion and experts training,so that more working people and citizens can receive education or training on AI-related knowledge and skills,and it forms a solid foundation for the promotion and popularization of the social application of artificial intelligence and the improvement of people's acceptance degree of the artifi-cial intelligence era.Secondly,Japan reconstructs the R&D system that builds seamless connection be-tween basic research and practical application,in order to accelerate the transformation and application of R&D achievements.Thirdly,Japan gives priority to the implementation of social practical application pro-jects in health-medical-health care,agriculture,infrastructure strengthening,transportation and lo-gistics,and the smart city construction,so as to accelerate the realization of the development goals of su-per smart"society 5.0"(the intelligent economy and intelligent society).

关 键 词：人工智能 智能经济 智能社会 社会应用 人才培育 研发体制 

分 类 号：F133.13[经济管理—世界经济]