联合国首次公共卫生危机维和行动的回顾与思考  

Review and Reflection on the First United Nations Mission for Ebola Emergency Response

作　　者：王晓静 WANG Xiaojing(Peacekeeping Police Training Center,China People’s Police University,Langfang,Hebei Province 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民警察大学维和警察培训中心,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《武警学院学报》2020年第9期37-42,共6页Journal of the Armed Police Academy

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国参与联合国维和行动战略选择研究”(16ZDA094)子课题“中国参与联合国维和行动的国际合作研究”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：2014年9月联合国组建了联合国埃博拉紧急应对特派团,这是联合国首个因国际社会突发公共卫生事件而设立的,具有行动性质的紧急卫生特派团。特派团采用联合国维和行动的组织架构,其运行程序和协作也与维和行动大致相似。此外,该特派团与联合国利比里亚特派团、联合国驻刚果(金)稳定特派团开展了密切协作。该特派团是联合国创立的应对健康危机的专门行动,开启了由世界卫生组织指导、多部门参与、多特派团配合的区域性、综合性的维持和平新模式,为应对全球公共卫生危机带来诸多思考。The Ebola outbreak in West Africa in 2014 is considered to be a public health emergency.In September 2014,the United Nations established the UN Mission for Ebola Emergency Response(UNMEER).This is the first-ever operational emergency health mission established by the United Nations due to public health emergencies in the international community.The mission adopts the organizational structure,its operational procedures and collaboration that are similar to those of United Nations peacekeeping operations.In addition,the mission has worked closely with the United Nations Mission in Liberia and the United Nations Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,setting a precedent for cross regional and cross mission cooperation,which is the first time in the history in United Nations operations.Based on the historical review of the case and the consideration of the reality,two remarkable characteristics are summed up.First,in response to international public health emergencies,the United Nations created a special operation to deal with the crisis.Second,the operation tried a new regional and comprehensive peacekeeping model guided by the World Health Organization,with multi-sector participation and multi-mission cooperation.

关 键 词：联合国埃博拉紧急应对特派团 埃博拉 维持和平行动 联合国 世界卫生组织 

分 类 号：D815.5[政治法律—国际关系]