大蒜素预处理对急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用  

Protective effect of allicin pretreatment on acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

作　　者：俞飞虎[1] 邓媛[1] 陈振云[1] 周万青 刘祖秋 Yu Feihu;Deng Yuan;Chen Zhenyun;Zhou Wanqing;Liu Zuqiu(No.906 Hospital of Joint Services Force of PLA,Ningbo 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九○六医院心内科,宁波315000

出　　处：《心脑血管病防治》2020年第5期451-455,共5页CARDIO-CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

基　　金：浙江省宁波市自然科学基金项目(2018A610387)。

摘　　要：目的探讨大蒜素预处理对大鼠急性心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法采用结扎冠状动脉左前降支30 min的方法复制急性心肌缺血再灌注大鼠模型。大蒜素低、中、高剂量预处理组分别于造模手术前7 d开始1次/d腹腔注射5 mg/kg、10 mg/kg、20 mg/kg。另设假手术组、模型组和维拉帕米预处理组(2.5 mg/kg)。评价心律失常情况。再灌注24 h后,超声影像系统测定左心室舒张末期内径(LVIDd)和左心室收缩末期内径(LVIDs)、射血分数(EF)和每搏输出量(SV),测定左心室舒张末期内压(LVEDP)、左心室收缩内压(LVSP)、左心室内压最大上升/下降速率(±dp/dtmax),计算心脏指数和梗死体积百分比。HE染色法行心脏组织病理学检查,末端标记法(TUNEL)观察心肌细胞凋亡状况并计算凋亡指数,测定心肌组织Na+-K+-ATP酶、Ca^(2+)-ATP酶活性及Ca^(2+)浓度。结果与模型组比较,大蒜素中、高剂量组及维拉帕米组室性心动过速(VT)发生率明显降低(P <0.05),心律失常评分降低(P <0.01),LVIDd和LVIDs降低(P <0.01),EF和SV升高(P <0.01),LVEDP降低和LVSP升高(P <0.01)、+dp/dtmax和-dp/dtmax升高(P <0.01),心脏指数降低(P <0.05)并降低梗死体积百分比(P <0.05),抑制心肌细胞病理性形态结构改变和心肌细胞凋亡,Na^+-K^+-ATP酶活性升高(P <0.05)、Ca^(2+)-ATP酶活性升高(P <0.05),Ca^(2+)浓度降低(P <0.05)。与维拉帕米组比较,大蒜素高剂量组明显降低VT发生率(χ^2=2.469,P <0.05)和心律失常评分(t=3.913,P <0.01),LVEDP升高(t=7.802,P <0.01),梗死体积百分比降低(P <0.01),AI降低(t=4.578,P <0.01),Na^+-K^+-ATP酶活性升高(t <0.05)、Ca^(2+)-ATP酶活性升高(P <0.05)。结论大蒜素预处理具有抑制大鼠急性心肌缺血再灌注所致心肌组织损伤、心功能降低及心律失常的作用,其机制可能与改善血流动力学、降低心肌细胞Ca^(2+)浓度有关。Objective To study the protective effect of allicin pretreatment on acute myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in rats.Methods The acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion rat model was established by ligating the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery for 30 min.7 days before operation,the low,medium and high dose allicin pretreatment groups were given 5 mg/kg,10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection once a day.Sham operation group,model group and verapamil pretreatment group(2.5 mg/kg)were set up.Arrhythmia evaluation were carried out during the experiment.The left ventricular internal dimension diastole(LVIDd),left ventricular internal dimension in systole(LVIDs),ejection fraction(EF),stroke volume(SV)were detected by ultrasound imaging system;the left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP),left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP)and the maximum rise/fall rate(±dp/dtmax)of the left indoor pressure was measured,the cardiac index and infarct volume percentage was detected.The histopathological changes were observed by HE staining,the apoptosis of cardiac cell was detected by TUNEL,and the apoptotic index was calculated,the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-ATPase and the content of Ca2+in myocardium were measured.Results Compared with the model group,pretreatment with allicin at medium or high dose or verapamil obviously reduced the incidence of ventricular tachycardia(VT)(P<0.05),decreased arrhythmia score(t=4.431,10.039,5.776,P<0.01),while the LVIDd and LVIDs decreased(P<0.01),EF and SV increased(P<0.01),LVEDP and LVSP increased(P<0.01),+dp/dtmax and-dp/dtmax increased(P<0.01);cardiac indexs decreased(P<0.05)and the infarct volume percentage decreased(P<0.05);inhibit pathological morphological and structural changes of myocardial cells and myocardial cell apoptosis;Na+-K+-ATPase activity increased(P<0.05),Ca2+-ATPase activity increased(P<0.05)and the Ca2+content decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with verapamil pretreatment group,pretreatment with allicin at high dose obviously reduced t

关 键 词：大蒜素预处理 急性心肌梗死 心电图 心律失常 心功能 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]