病毒即时快速检测方法的发展现状  

Current Advances of Point of Care Testing for Viruses

作　　者：刘书琳 张宇鹏 余聪 刘昊阳 李康铭 庞代文 LIU Shulin;ZHANG Yupeng;YU Cong;LIU Haoyang;LI Kangming;PANG Daiwen(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition,College of Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071;College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区：[1]天津市生物传感与分子识别重点实验室,南开大学化学学院,天津300071 [2]武汉大学化学与分子科学学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《分析科学学报》2020年第5期623-629,共7页Journal of Analytical Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委重大研究计划(No.21535005,91859123,91953107)。

摘　　要：病毒性疾病的爆发严重危害人民健康及国家安全。因此,发展即时快速的病毒检测方法,对病毒性疾病的预防及治疗具有非常重要的意义。随着科技水平的不断提高,特别是生物分析领域的技术进步,一系列新的检测技术被应用于病毒快速现场检测中,成为人类对抗病毒的强有力工具。此文主要从基于免疫反应的比色、荧光、电化学、磁等分析方法来介绍目前针对病毒抗原及抗体检测发展的现状;从核酸扩增原理出发介绍了病毒核酸快速即时检测技术的最新研究进展。进一步,以实际应用需求为评判标准,探讨目前用于现场快速检测的病毒检测器件。最后,讨论了病毒即时快速检测方法存在的问题和面临的挑战及其发展前景。The outbreak of viral diseases seriously endangers human's health and national security.The development of immediate and rapid virus detection methods is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases.With constant upgrades in technological capability,especially in the field of biological analysis,a series of new detection technologies have been applied in the field of virus detection,which have become powerful tools for human beings to fight against viruses.This article mainly introduces the current development of virus antigen and antibody detection based on immunoreactivity-based colorimetric,fluorescence,electrochemical and magnetic analysis methods.Meanwhile,according to the principle of nucleic acid amplification,we introduce the latest research progress of point of care testing of viral nucleic acid.Furthermore,the current virus detection devices used in the rapid detection field are discussed on account of practical application requirements.Finally,the challenges and prospects of the methods for point-of-care testing of virus are discussed.

关 键 词：病毒 即时检测 抗原 抗体 核酸 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学]