基于瞬态多物理场求解器的电磁轨道炮发射过程建模与仿真  

Modeling and Simulation of Electromagnetic Railgun Launching Process Based on a Transient Multi-physical Field Solver

作　　者：林庆华[1] 栗保明[1] LIN Qinghua;LI Baoming(National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学瞬态物理国家重点实验室,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《兵工学报》2020年第9期1697-1707,共11页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国防科技创新特区项目(2017年)。

摘　　要：为研究电磁轨道炮发射过程中瞬态多物理场的作用机制与内在规律,建立包含电路、电磁场、热场和结构场的数学模型。模型中计入材料非线性、结构变形、接触碰撞等实际因素。采用隐式有限元格式求解电磁场和热场以及显式有限元格式求解结构场,利用载荷传递和时间同步实现各物理场之间的耦合,发展出一种瞬态多物理场求解器。通过固体电枢型电磁轨道炮、同步感应式电磁线圈炮等算例,讨论了发射过程计算结果的合理性。结果表明,电磁炮的发射是多场耦合、多部件相互作用下的一个复杂动力学过程,存在电流和磁场扩散、温升、应力传播、接触碰撞等瞬态现象,发射性能与结构、材料和激励密切相关。该求解器可为电磁发射系统及其关键部件提供一种辅助设计手段。A mathematical model,including the circuit,electromagnetic field,thermal field and structural field,is established to study the interaction mechanisms and inherent laws of transient multi-physical fields in the launching process of an electromagnetic railgun.Some actual factors,such as material nonlinearity,structural deformation,contact and collision,are also accounted in the model.The electromagnetic and thermal fields are solved by the implicit finite element method,the structural field is solved by the explicit finite element method,and these fields are coupled by load transfer and time synchronization.Thus a transient multi-physical field solver was developed.The rationality of the calculated results is discussed by taking the launching processes of solid-armature railgun and synchronous induction coilgun as example.The results show that the launch of an electromagnetic gun is a complex dynamic process under multi-physical field coupling and multi-body interaction,in which some transient phenomena,such as current and magnetic field diffusion,temperature rise,stress propagation,contact and collision,exist.The launching performance is closely related to the structures,material properties and excitations.

关 键 词：电磁轨道炮 电磁线圈炮 求解器 瞬态多物理场 有限元 

分 类 号：TJ866[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]