压迫与抗争:海关总税务司赫德继任者问题新探  

Repression and Resistance:Further Research on the Question of the Successor of Robert Hart,the Inspector General of Customs

作　　者：张志勇[1] ZHANG Zhi-yong(the Institute of Modern History,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102212,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,北京102212

出　　处：《安徽史学》2020年第6期21-29,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

摘　　要：海关总税务司赫德继任者问题大体可以甲午中日战争为界分成两个时期,前一时期赫德继任者问题的讨论基本仅限于赫德与总理衙门之间,而后一时期该问题就变成国际问题,变成内政与外交密切交织在一起的问题。赫德最早支持自己的弟弟赫政成为其继任者,但是由于赫政自己主动放弃,赫德这一愿望未能实现。赫政之后,赫德选中贺璧理作为自己的继任者,但是由于英国外交部的干涉,又改选自己的妻弟裴式楷作为总税务司的候选人。义和团运动后,英国外交部改变对裴式楷的看法,改支持贺璧理成为赫德的继任者。对此,赫德与清政府都表面应允,但却暗自抗争,最终选定安格联作为赫德的继任者。The question of the successor of Robert Hart,the Inspector General of Customs can be divided into two periods.In the first period,the question of Hart’s successor was only discussed between Hart and Zongli Yamen.However,in the second period,the question became an international question,in which interior and diplomacy were woven with each other closely.In the beginning,Hart supported James Henry Hart,his own younger brother to be his successor.But Hart’s wish was not realized because James himself gave up the position.After James,Hart selected Alfred Edward Hippisley as his successor,but he changed his mind and selected Robert Edward Bredon,his younger brother in law,as his successor because of the interference of British Ministry of Foreign Affairs.After the Boxer movement,British Ministry of Foreign affairs changed their views on Bredon,and began to support Hippisley as Hart’s successor.Hart and the government of Qing both pretended to agree,but resisted secretly.At last Aglen was selected as Hart’s successor.

关 键 词：赫德 总税务司 继任者 裴式楷 安格联 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]