公共卫生安全视角下我国电子烟监管的困境与出路  

Dilemmas of Regulation of E-cigarettes in Chinaand Their Solutions in the Perspective of Public Health Safety

作　　者：阳建勋[1] Yang Jianxun

机构地区：[1]厦门大学法学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《中国高校社会科学》2020年第6期125-136,156-157,共14页Social Sciences in Chinese Higher Education Institutions

摘　　要：我国电子烟监管存在法律地位困境、产品功能困境与公共禁烟令困境。这些困境是电子烟这一创新型临界产品对公共卫生安全挑战的集中反映。电子烟法律地位的确立,深受本国政治经济制度的影响,涉及众多利益。立法者应当秉承公共卫生安全优先的原则,立足国情权衡和协调各种利益冲突,采用概括与列举相结合的方式界定“电子烟”的概念,以创造出与具体生活秩序相对应的法律秩序。电子烟在科学上的不确定性不足以否定监管。政府应秉承“安全胜于遗憾”理念的预防原则,加强电子烟监管,筑牢公共卫生安全防线。无论是基于危险减少论对电子烟进行宽松或最少的监管,还是基于危险增加论严格监管,终极目标都是通过权衡监管政策的成本收益,实现公共卫生风险的最小化。因此,是否在公共场所禁止吸食电子烟,取决于对禁令的成本收益比较。The regulation of e-cigarettes in China has dilemmas of legal status,product function and public smoking ban.These dilemmas reflect the public health security challenges posed by e-cigarettes,an innovative and critical product.Legislators should adhere to the principle of public health safety priority,weigh and coordinate various conflicts of interest based on national conditions,and define the concept of"e-cigarette"in a unified way of enumerating and summarizing,so as to create a legal order corresponding to the specific order of life.The government should uphold the precautionary principle of"safety is better than regret",strengthen the supervision of e-cigarette,and strengthen the defense line of public health safety. The ultimate goal is to minimize the public health risks by weighing the costs and benefits of e-cigaretteregulatory policies, whether based on the risk reduction theory or the risk increase theory. So whethere-cigarettes should be banned in public depends on the cost-benefit comparison.

关 键 词：电子烟 监管困境 公共卫生安全 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]