怒江干热河谷区七宝黄金瓜引种试验初报  

Preliminary Report on the Introduction Test of Qibao Golden Melon in the Salween River Dry-hot Valley

作　　者：沈绍斌[1] 邰杰 丁榆[2] 姜太玲 周迎春[1] 段春芳[1] 刘光华[1] SHEN Shaobin;TAI Jie;DING Yu;JIANG Tailing;ZHOU Yingchun;DUAN Chunfang;LIU Guanghua(Research Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Economic Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan 678000,Yunnan;Fruit Trees and Vegetables Technology Promotion Station of Long Yang District,Baoshan 678000,Yunnan)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山678000 [2]保山市隆阳区果树蔬菜技术推广站,云南保山678000

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2020年第5期52-57,69,共7页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：隆阳区2019年引种上海市闵行区农业委员会七宝黄金瓜试验项目;云南保山适生的上海特色蔬果新品种引种示范项目;云南省科学技术学会科技专家(蔬菜)服务站;云南省现代农业蔬菜产业技术体系项目;隆阳区万亩优质商品蔬菜基地建设项目。

摘　　要：以上海闵行区种植的七宝黄金瓜性状表现为对照(CK),在云南怒江干热河谷区采用吊蔓和爬蔓2种栽培模式,对从上海闵行区农业委员会引进的‘三友金香’七宝黄金瓜新品种物候期、果实农艺性状(瓜的表皮颜色、果肉颜色、纵径、横径、周长、果肉厚度、单果重)、糖度、亩产量、经济效益及主要病害发病率、发生规律等主要性状进行综合对比评价。研究结果表明:云南怒江干热河谷区种植的七宝黄金瓜从定植到采收生育期约为48d,爬蔓种植的比吊蔓种植的早成熟3~5d,比上海种植的早成熟5~8d;云南怒江干热河谷区吊蔓种植的七宝黄金瓜在纵径、横径、果肉厚度、单果重农艺性状方面明显优于上海闵行区吊蔓种植的黄金瓜,两地爬蔓栽培的黄金瓜农艺性状表现相差不大;上海闵行区种植的黄金瓜糖度为10~14Brix,云南怒江干热河谷区种植的黄金瓜糖度为7~10Brix,上海闵行区种植的黄金瓜糖度含量明显高于云南保山种植;上海区域种植的七宝黄金瓜经济效益均比云南怒江干热河谷区种植的高2000元/亩以上;吊蔓种植模式相对爬蔓种植明显降低了白粉病、枯萎病及霜霉病的发病率。云南怒江干热河谷区上海七宝黄金瓜的成功引种试验,将为云南保山七宝黄金瓜水果种植推广提供技术理论基础,对丰富云南现有水果种类,加快云南现代水果产业发展步伐具有重要意义。‘Sanyou Jinxiang’,a new Qibao Golden Melon variety introduced from Shanghai Minhang District Agricultural Committee,was planted in two cultivation modes of hanging vine and climbing vine in Dry-hot Valley of Baoshan,Yunnan Province.Taking the characteristics of Qibao Golden Melon planted in Shanghai Minhang District as control(CK),this paper comprehensively compared and evaluated main traits of these two,including phenophase,fruit agronomic traits(skin color,pulp color,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,perimeter,pulp thickness,single fruit weight),sugar content,yield per mu,economic benefits,incidence rate of major diseases,and occurrence rules.The results shows that the growth period from planting to harvest of Qibao Golden Melon planted in Salween River Dryhot Valley in Yunnan was about 48 days.Climbing vine plants mature 3-5 days earlier than hanging vine plants and 5-8 days earlier than Shanghai plants.Qibao golden melon planted by hanging vine in Baoshan of Yunnan was obviously superior to that planted by hanging vine in Minhang district of Shanghai in terms of longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,pulp thickness and single fruit weight.The agronomic characteristics of golden melon planted by climbing vine in the two places showed little difference.The sugar degree of golden melon planted in Baoshan of Yunnan is 7-10 Brix while that of golden melon planted in Minhang district of Shanghai was 10-14 Brix,which was obviously higher than melon from Baoshan,Yunnan.The economic benefit of Qibao golden melon planted in Shanghai was about 2,000 yuan/mu higher than that planted in Baoshan Dry-hot Valley of Yunnan.The incidence of powdery mildew,fusarium wilt and downy mildew was significantly reduced by hanging vine planting compared with climbing vine planting.The successful introduction test of Shanghai Qibao Golden Melon in the Salween River Dry-hot Valley area of Baoshan,Yunnan will provide a technical and theoretical basis for the promotion of fruit planting in Baoshan,Yunnan,and is of great sign

关 键 词：怒江干热河谷 七宝黄金瓜 引种 试验 

分 类 号：S652.9[农业科学—果树学]