纳米纤维素协同聚氨酯增强增韧聚乳酸的研究  

Investigation on Reinforced and Toughened PLA with NCF and PU

作　　者：张克宏[1] 王逍冉 ZHANG Kehong;WANG Xiaoran(School of Light Textile Engineering&Art,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学轻纺工程与艺术学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《中国塑料》2020年第11期23-28,共6页China Plastics

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金面上项目(1908085ME154);安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910364132);食品软塑包装技术福建省高校工程研究中开放课题(G1-KF1708)。

摘　　要：以聚乳酸(PLA)为基体、聚氨酯(PU)为增韧相、纳米纤维素(NCF)为增强相,通过溶液法与熔融共混制得PLA/PU/NCF复合材料,研究了PU和NCF的含量对PLA力学性能与热稳定性的影响。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热失重分析仪、扫描电子显微镜和力学性能测试手段对PLA/PU/NCF复合材料的结构和性能进行了表征和分析。结果表明,柔顺的PU分子限制了PLA的结晶,提升了PLA基体的韧性;刚性的NCF通过氢键作用提升了PLA基体的强度;当NCF含量为3%、PU含量为17%时,PLA/PU/NCF复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率比纯PLA提升了12.10%和694.91%;高温热稳定性有了显著改善,复合材料的600℃残炭率为19.36%。The poly(lactic acid)(PLA)-matrix composites were prepared by solution and melt blending methods using polyurethane(PU)as an impact modifier and nanocellulose(NCF)as a reinforcement agent.The effects of NCF and PU on the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the PLA/PU/NCF composites were investigated systematically.The structural characterizations and performance measures of the composites were carried out by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscopy and mechanical property tests.The results indicated that the flexible PU molecules could inhibit the crystallization of PLA and therefore enhanced the toughness of PLA.On the other hand,the rigid NCF molecules could enhance the strength of PLA through hydrogen bonding.Compared to pure PLA,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites increased by 12.10%and 694.91%,respectively,when 3 wt%of NCF and 17 wt%of PU were added.Moreover,the addition of PU and NCF improved the high-temperature thermal stability of PLA significantly,and the composites obtained a residual carbon rate of 19.36 wt%at 600°C.

关 键 词：聚乳酸 聚氨酯 纳米纤维素 复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ321[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]